对厌食症患者进行全面的神经认知评估。
Comprehensive neurocognitive assessment of patients with anorexia nervosa.
机构信息
Andrea Phillipou, David Jonathan Castle, Department of Psychiatry, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia.
出版信息
World J Psychiatry. 2015 Dec 22;5(4):404-11. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v5.i4.404.
AIM
To utilise a comprehensive cognitive battery to gain a better understanding of cognitive performance in anorexia nervosa (AN).
METHODS
Twenty-six individuals with AN and 27 healthy control participants matched for age, gender and premorbid intelligence, participated in the study. A standard cognitive battery, the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia Consensus Cognitive Battery, was used to investigate performance on seven cognitive domains with the use of 10 different tasks: speed of processing [Brief Assessment Of Cognition In Schizophrenia: Symbol Coding, Category Fluency: Animal Naming (Fluency) and Trail Making Test: Part A], attention/vigilance [Continuous Performance Test - Identical Pairs (CPT-IP)], working memory [Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS(®)-III): Spatial Span, and Letter-Number Span (LNS)], verbal learning [Hopkins Verbal Learning Test - Revised], visual learning [Brief Visuospatial Memory Test - Revised], reasoning and problem solving [Neuropsychological Assessment Battery: Mazes], and social cognition [Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test: Managing Emotions]. Statistical analyses involved the use of multivariate and univariate analyses of variance.
RESULTS
Analyses conducted on the cognitive domain scores revealed no overall significant difference between groups nor any interaction between group and domain score [F(1,45) = 0.73, P = 0.649]. Analyses conducted on each of the specific tasks within the cognitive domains revealed significantly slower reaction times for false alarm responses on the CPT-IP task in AN [F(1,51) = 12.80, P < 0.01, Cohen's d = 0.982] and a trend towards poorer performance in AN on the backward component of the WMS(®)-III Spatial Span task [F(1,51) = 5.88, P = 0.02, Cohen's d = -0.665]. The finding of slower reaction times of false alarm responses is, however, limited due to the small number of false alarm responses for either group.
CONCLUSION
The findings are discussed in terms of poorer capacity to manipulate and process visuospatial material in AN.
目的
利用全面的认知测试来更好地了解神经性厌食症（AN）患者的认知表现。
方法
本研究纳入 26 名 AN 患者和 27 名年龄、性别和智力水平匹配的健康对照组参与者。采用标准认知测试，即“精神分裂症的测量和治疗研究以改善认知共识认知测试”，通过 10 种不同任务来评估 7 种认知领域的表现：信息处理速度[Brief Assessment Of Cognition In Schizophrenia: Symbol Coding, Category Fluency: Animal Naming (Fluency) and Trail Making Test: Part A]、注意力/警觉性[连续性能测试-相同配对（CPT-IP）]、工作记忆[韦氏记忆量表（WMS(®)-III）：空间广度和字母数字广度（LNS）]、言语学习[霍普金斯言语学习测试-修订版]、视觉学习[简明视觉空间记忆测试-修订版]、推理和解决问题[神经心理评估电池：迷宫]和社会认知[Mayer-Salovey-Caruso 情感智力测试：管理情绪]。统计分析包括使用多元和单变量方差分析。
结果
对认知域得分进行的分析显示，两组之间没有总体显著差异，也没有组和域得分之间的相互作用[F(1,45) = 0.73, P = 0.649]。在认知域内的每个特定任务中进行的分析显示，在 CPT-IP 任务中，AN 患者的假警报反应的反应时间明显较慢[F(1,51) = 12.80, P < 0.01, Cohen's d = 0.982]，并且在 WMS(®)-III 空间广度任务的反向成分中，AN 患者的表现呈下降趋势[F(1,51) = 5.88, P = 0.02, Cohen's d = -0.665]。然而，由于两组的假警报反应数量都很少，因此反应时间较慢的发现是有限的。
结论
根据在 AN 中处理和操作视空间材料的能力较差，对这些发现进行了讨论。
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