Kim Jin E, Tsoh Janice Y
University of California, San Francisco, 401 Parnassus Avenue, TRC Box 0984, San Francisco, CA 94143. Email:
University of California, San Francisco, Department of Psychiatry, San Francisco, California.
Prev Chronic Dis. 2016 Jan 14;13:E08. doi: 10.5888/pcd13.150458.
Low socioeconomic status is associated with high rates of cigarette smoking, and socioeconomic differences in cigarette smoking tend to emerge during young adulthood. To further our understanding of socioeconomic differences in smoking among young adults, we examined correlates of smoking, with attention to multiple socioeconomic indicators that have not been examined in this population.
We analyzed data from the 2011-2012 California Health Interview Survey. The analytic sample consisted of young adults aged 18-30 years who were considered socioeconomically disadvantaged as measured by education and poverty. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine factors associated with smoking status in this group, and multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine correlates of smoking frequency.
In this sample (N = 1,511; 48% female, 66% Hispanic/Latino, 18% non-Hispanic white), 39.7% reported experiencing food insecurity in the past year. Smoking prevalence was significantly higher among young adults who reported being food insecure (26.9%) than among those who reported being food secure (16.4%). Past-year food insecurity was significantly associated with current smoking, independent of sociodemographic characteristics and alcohol use. Specifically, food insecurity was significantly associated with daily but not nondaily smoking.
Socioeconomically disadvantaged young adults with food insecurity may be considered a high-risk group with respect to cigarette smoking. Efforts to reduce tobacco-related health disparities should address diverse sources of socioeconomic influences, including experiences of food insecurity.
社会经济地位较低与高吸烟率相关，且吸烟方面的社会经济差异往往在青年期出现。为了进一步了解青年成年人吸烟的社会经济差异，我们研究了吸烟的相关因素，并关注该人群中尚未研究过的多个社会经济指标。
我们分析了2011 - 2012年加利福尼亚健康访谈调查的数据。分析样本包括年龄在18至30岁之间、根据教育程度和贫困状况被认为社会经济处于不利地位的青年成年人。进行逻辑回归分析以研究该组中与吸烟状况相关的因素，并进行多项逻辑回归分析以研究吸烟频率的相关因素。
在这个样本中（N = 1511；48%为女性，66%为西班牙裔/拉丁裔，18%为非西班牙裔白人），39.7%的人报告在过去一年中经历过粮食不安全。报告粮食不安全的青年成年人中的吸烟患病率（26.9%）显著高于报告粮食安全的青年成年人（16.4%）。过去一年的粮食不安全与当前吸烟显著相关，独立于社会人口学特征和饮酒情况。具体而言，粮食不安全与每日吸烟显著相关，但与非每日吸烟无关。
在吸烟方面，社会经济处于不利地位且经历粮食不安全的青年成年人可能被视为高危人群。减少烟草相关健康差距的努力应解决社会经济影响的多种来源，包括粮食不安全经历。
