Renne Mike F, Bao Xue, De Smet Cedric H, de Kroon Anton I P M
Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.; Present address: Division of Cell Biology, Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.
Lipid Insights. 2016 Jan 19;8(Suppl 1):33-40. doi: 10.4137/LPI.S31780. eCollection 2015.
Membrane lipid homeostasis is maintained by de novo synthesis, intracellular transport, remodeling, and degradation of lipid molecules. Glycerophospholipids, the most abundant structural component of eukaryotic membranes, are subject to acyl chain remodeling, which is defined as the post-synthetic process in which one or both acyl chains are exchanged. Here, we review studies addressing acyl chain remodeling of membrane glycerophospholipids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a model organism that has been successfully used to investigate lipid synthesis and its regulation. Experimental evidence for the occurrence of phospholipid acyl chain exchange in cardiolipin, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylethanolamine is summarized, including methods and tools that have been used for detecting remodeling. Progress in the identification of the enzymes involved is reported, and putative functions of acyl chain remodeling in yeast are discussed.
膜脂稳态通过脂质分子的从头合成、细胞内运输、重塑和降解来维持。甘油磷脂是真核细胞膜中最丰富的结构成分，会发生酰基链重塑，酰基链重塑被定义为一种合成后过程，其中一条或两条酰基链会被交换。在此，我们综述了关于酿酒酵母（一种已成功用于研究脂质合成及其调控的模式生物）中膜甘油磷脂酰基链重塑的研究。总结了心磷脂、磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰肌醇和磷脂酰乙醇胺中磷脂酰基链交换发生的实验证据，包括用于检测重塑的方法和工具。报告了在鉴定相关酶方面取得的进展，并讨论了酰基链重塑在酵母中的假定功能。
