Danby Simon G
The Academic Unit of Dermatology Research, Department of Infection and Immunity, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, The University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK.
Curr Probl Dermatol. 2016;49:47-60. doi: 10.1159/000441545. Epub 2016 Feb 4.
The skin barrier, formed by the stratum corneum, envelops our bodies and provides an essential protective function. However, this barrier function differs between individuals due to biological variation. This variation arises as a result of inherited genetic variants, negative environmental or extrinsic factors, and age. A multitude of genetic changes determine a person's predisposition to a skin barrier defect and consequently their risk of developing a dry skin condition, such as atopic dermatitis. Extrinsic factors, including the weather and detrimental skin care practices, interact with these genetic changes to determine the severity of the defect and additively increase the risk of developing dry skin conditions. How these dry skin conditions present clinically, and how they persist and progress depends very much on a person's age. Understanding how the skin barrier varies between individuals, how it differs based on clinical presentation, and how it alters with age is important in developing optimum therapies to maintain healthy skin that provides the best protection.
由角质层形成的皮肤屏障包裹着我们的身体，并提供重要的保护功能。然而，由于生物学差异，这种屏障功能在个体之间有所不同。这种差异是由遗传变异、负面环境或外在因素以及年龄引起的。多种基因变化决定了一个人易患皮肤屏障缺陷的倾向，进而决定了他们患干性皮肤疾病（如特应性皮炎）的风险。包括天气和有害皮肤护理习惯在内的外在因素与这些基因变化相互作用，以确定缺陷的严重程度，并累加增加患干性皮肤疾病的风险。这些干性皮肤疾病在临床上如何表现，以及它们如何持续和发展，很大程度上取决于一个人的年龄。了解皮肤屏障在个体之间如何变化、基于临床表现有何不同以及如何随年龄改变，对于开发最佳疗法以维持提供最佳保护的健康皮肤至关重要。
