Cuadros-Inostroza Alvaro, Ruíz-Lara Simón, González Enrique, Eckardt Aenne, Willmitzer Lothar, Peña-Cortés Hugo
Max-Planck Institute for Plant Molecular Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany ; MetasysX, Am Mühlenberg 11, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca, Chile.
Metabolomics. 2016;12:39. doi: 10.1007/s11306-015-0927-z. Epub 2016 Jan 23.
Information about the total chemical composition of primary metabolites during grape berry development is scarce, as are comparative studies trying to understand to what extent metabolite modifications differ between cultivars during ripening. Thus, correlating the metabolic profiles with the changes occurring in berry development and ripening processes is essential to progress in their comprehension as well in the development of new approaches to improve fruit attributes. Here, the developmental metabolic profiling analysis across six stages from flowering to fully mature berries of two cultivars, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot, is reported at metabolite level. Based on a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry untargeted approach, 115 metabolites were identified and relative quantified in both cultivars. Sugars and amino acids levels show an opposite behaviour in both cultivars undergoing a highly coordinated shift of metabolite associated to primary metabolism during the stages involved in growth, development and ripening of berries. The changes are characteristic for each stage, the most pronounced ones occuring at fruit setting and pre-Veraison. They are associated to a reduction of the levels of metabolites present in the earlier corresponding stage, revealing a required catabolic activity of primary metabolites for grape berry developmental process. Network analysis revealed that the network connectivity of primary metabolites is stage- and cultivar-dependent, suggesting differences in metabolism regulation between both cultivars as the maturity process progresses. Furthermore, network analysis may represent an appropriate method to display the association between primary metabolites during berry developmental processes among different grapevine cultivars and for identifying potential biologically relevant metabolites.
关于葡萄浆果发育过程中初级代谢产物的总化学成分的信息很少，试图了解成熟过程中不同品种间代谢产物修饰差异程度的比较研究也很少。因此，将代谢谱与浆果发育和成熟过程中发生的变化相关联，对于理解它们以及开发改善果实品质的新方法至关重要。本文报道了在代谢物水平上对赤霞珠和梅洛两个品种从开花到完全成熟浆果的六个阶段进行的发育代谢谱分析。基于气相色谱-质谱非靶向方法，在两个品种中鉴定并相对定量了115种代谢物。在浆果生长、发育和成熟阶段，两个品种的糖和氨基酸水平表现出相反的行为，同时伴随着与初级代谢相关的代谢物的高度协调变化。这些变化在每个阶段都具有特征性，最明显的变化发生在坐果期和转色前期。它们与早期相应阶段存在的代谢物水平降低有关，揭示了葡萄浆果发育过程中初级代谢物所需的分解代谢活性。网络分析表明，初级代谢物的网络连通性取决于阶段和品种，这表明随着成熟过程的推进，两个品种之间的代谢调控存在差异。此外，网络分析可能是一种合适的方法，用于展示不同葡萄品种浆果发育过程中初级代谢物之间的关联，并识别潜在的生物学相关代谢物。
