Zhang Fuchun, Zhong Haixia, Zhou Xiaoming, Pan Mingqi, Xu Juan, Liu Mingbo, Wang Min, Liu Guotian, Xu Tengfei, Wang Yuejin, Wu Xinyu, Xu Yan
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), 830091, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
Hortic Res. 2022 Mar 14;9:uhac055. doi: 10.1093/hr/uhac055. eCollection 2022.
In viticulture, grafting has been practiced widely and influences grape development as well as berry and wine quality. However, there is limited understanding of the effects of rootstocks on grape phenolic compounds, which are located primarily in the berry skin and contribute to certain sensory attributes of wine. In this study, scion-rootstock interactions were investigated at the green-berry stage and the veraison stage when grapevines were hetero-grafted with three commonly used rootstock genotypes (5BB, 101-14MG, and SO4). Physiological investigations showed that hetero-grafts, especially CS/5BB, contained higher concentrations of total proanthocyanidins (PAs) and various PA components in berry skins compared with the auto-grafted grapevines. Further metabolomics analysis identified 105 differentially accumulated flavonoid compounds, the majority of which, including anthocyanins, PAs, and flavonols, were significantly increased in the berry skins of hetero-grafted grapevines compared with auto-grafted controls. In addition, transcriptomic analysis of the same samples identified several thousand differentially expressed genes between hetero-grafted and auto-grafted vines. The three rootstocks not only increased the transcript levels of stilbene, anthocyanin, PA, and flavonol synthesis genes but also affected the expression of numerous transcription factor genes. Taken together, our results suggest that hetero-grafting can promote phenolic compound accumulation in grape berry skin during development. These findings provide new insights for improving the application value of grafting by enhancing the accumulation of nutritious phenolic components in grape.
在葡萄栽培中，嫁接已被广泛应用，它会影响葡萄的发育以及果实和葡萄酒的品质。然而，人们对砧木对葡萄酚类化合物的影响了解有限，这些酚类化合物主要存在于果实表皮中，对葡萄酒的某些感官特性有贡献。在本研究中，当葡萄树用三种常用的砧木基因型（5BB、101-14MG和SO4）进行异源嫁接时，在绿果期和转色期对穗砧相互作用进行了研究。生理研究表明，与自嫁接葡萄树相比，异源嫁接植株，尤其是CS/5BB，果实表皮中的总原花青素（PAs）和各种PA成分含量更高。进一步的代谢组学分析鉴定出105种差异积累的黄酮类化合物，其中大多数，包括花青素、PAs和黄酮醇，与自嫁接对照相比，在异源嫁接葡萄树的果实表皮中显著增加。此外，对相同样品的转录组分析确定了异源嫁接和自嫁接葡萄树之间数千个差异表达基因。这三种砧木不仅提高了芪类、花青素、PA和黄酮醇合成基因的转录水平，还影响了许多转录因子基因的表达。综上所述，我们的结果表明，异源嫁接可以促进葡萄果实发育过程中表皮酚类化合物的积累。这些发现为通过增加葡萄中营养酚类成分的积累来提高嫁接的应用价值提供了新的见解。
