Harifi Mood Elnaz, Meshkat Zahra, Izadi Nafiseh, Rezaei Maryam, Amel Jamehdar Saeid, Naderi Nasab Mahboubeh
Student Research Committee (SRC), Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran; Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran.
Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran.
Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2015 Dec 7;8(12):e16217. doi: 10.5812/jjm.16217. eCollection 2015 Dec.
Escherichia coli is an important bacterial species based on incidence and associated infection severity. Some E. coli strains produce extended-spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) and are called ESBL-producing E. coli. These strains are resistant to most classes of cephalosporin and a number of other classes of antibiotics. Plasmids carrying qnr genes have been found to transmit quinolone resistance.
The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of qnr genes in ESBL-producing and non-ESBL-producing E. coli isolated from outpatient and hospitalized patient clinical specimens from Imam Reza hospital in Mashhad, Iran.
Two hundred E. coli strains, isolated from different clinical specimens were used. ESBL-producing E. coli were detected by determining susceptibility to ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and cefpodoxime with the phenotypic confirmatory test (PCT). PCR analysis was employed to detect the qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, bla TEM , and bla SHV genes.
Eighty-six (43%) isolates were ciprofloxacin-resistant. The PCT identified 85 (42.5%) of 200 E. coli isolates as ESBL-producing. The bla TEM , bla SHV , qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS gene were found in 65 (76.47%), 23 (27%), 63 (31%), 34 (17%), and 14 (7%) isolates, respectively.
The high prevalence of quinolone resistance genes, which indicates antibiotic resistance, in the Imam Reza Hospital of Mashhad is a major concern. Hence, the antibiotics prescription policy should be revised, and infection control measures should be improved.
基于发病率和相关感染严重程度，大肠杆菌是一种重要的细菌种类。一些大肠杆菌菌株产生超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL），被称为产ESBL大肠杆菌。这些菌株对大多数头孢菌素类和许多其他类抗生素耐药。已发现携带qnr基因的质粒可传播喹诺酮耐药性。
本研究旨在确定从伊朗马什哈德伊玛目礼萨医院门诊和住院患者临床标本中分离出的产ESBL和不产ESBL大肠杆菌中qnr基因的频率。
使用从不同临床标本中分离出的200株大肠杆菌菌株。通过用表型确证试验（PCT）测定对头孢他啶、头孢噻肟和头孢泊肟的敏感性来检测产ESBL大肠杆菌。采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）分析检测qnrA、qnrB、qnrS、bla TEM和bla SHV基因。
86株（43%）分离株对环丙沙星耐药。PCT鉴定出200株大肠杆菌分离株中有85株（42.5%）为产ESBL菌株。分别在65株（76.47%）、23株（27%）、63株（31%）、34株（17%）和14株（7%）分离株中发现了bla TEM、bla SHV、qnrA、qnrB和qnrS基因。
马什哈德伊玛目礼萨医院喹诺酮耐药基因的高流行率表明存在抗生素耐药性，这是一个主要问题。因此，应修订抗生素处方政策，并改善感染控制措施。
