Burgess Helen J, Rizvydeen Muneer, Fogg Louis F, Keshavarzian Ali
Biological Rhythms Research Laboratory, Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois;
College of Nursing, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois; and.
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2016 Apr 15;310(8):R759-65. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00001.2016. Epub 2016 Mar 2.
Central circadian timing influences mental and physical health. Research in nocturnal rodents has demonstrated that when alcohol is consumed, it reaches the central hypothalamic circadian pacemaker (suprachiasmatic nuclei) and can directly alter circadian phase shifts to light. In two separate studies, we examined, for the first time, the effects of a single dose of alcohol on circadian phase advances and phase delays to light in humans. Two 23-day within-subjects placebo-controlled counterbalanced design studies were conducted. Both studies consisted of 6 days of fixed baseline sleep to stabilize circadian timing, a 2-day laboratory session, a 6-day break, and a repeat of 6 days of fixed sleep and a 2-day laboratory session. In the phase advance study (n= 10 light drinkers, 24-45 yr), the laboratory sessions consisted of a baseline dim light phase assessment, sleep episode, alcohol (0.6 g/kg) or placebo, 2-h morning bright light pulse, and final phase assessment. In the phase-delay study (n= 14 light drinkers, 22-44 yr), the laboratory sessions consisted of a baseline phase assessment, alcohol (0.8 g/kg) or placebo, 2-h late night bright light pulse, sleep episode, and final phase assessment. In both studies, alcohol either increased or decreased the observed phase shifts to light (interaction P≥ 0.46), but the effect of alcohol vs. placebo on phase shifts to light was always on average smaller than 30 min. Thus, no meaningful effects of a single dose of alcohol vs. placebo on circadian phase shifts to light in humans were observed.
中枢昼夜节律计时影响身心健康。对夜行性啮齿动物的研究表明，饮酒时，酒精会到达下丘脑中央昼夜节律起搏器（视交叉上核），并可直接改变对光的昼夜相移。在两项独立研究中，我们首次研究了单剂量酒精对人类昼夜相提前和相延迟的影响。进行了两项为期23天的受试者内安慰剂对照平衡设计研究。两项研究均包括6天的固定基线睡眠以稳定昼夜节律计时、2天的实验室环节、6天的休息期，以及重复6天的固定睡眠和2天的实验室环节。在相提前研究（n = 10名轻度饮酒者，24 - 45岁）中，实验室环节包括基线暗光期评估、睡眠时段、酒精（0.6 g/kg）或安慰剂、2小时早晨强光脉冲以及最终相评估。在相延迟研究（n = 14名轻度饮酒者，22 - 44岁）中，实验室环节包括基线相评估、酒精（0.8 g/kg）或安慰剂、2小时深夜强光脉冲、睡眠时段以及最终相评估。在两项研究中，酒精均增加或减少了观察到的对光的相移（交互作用P≥0.46），但酒精与安慰剂对光相移的影响平均始终小于30分钟。因此，未观察到单剂量酒精与安慰剂对人类昼夜相移至光有有意义的影响。
