State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, iChEM, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian 116023, China.
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL Manchester, UK.
Nat Nanotechnol. 2016 Mar;11(3):218-30. doi: 10.1038/nnano.2015.340.
Graphene and other 2D atomic crystals are of considerable interest in catalysis because of their unique structural and electronic properties. Over the past decade, the materials have been used in a variety of reactions, including the oxygen reduction reaction, water splitting and CO2 activation, and have been shown to exhibit a range of catalytic mechanisms. Here, we review recent advances in the use of graphene and other 2D materials in catalytic applications, focusing in particular on the catalytic activity of heterogeneous systems such as van der Waals heterostructures (stacks of several 2D crystals). We discuss the advantages of these materials for catalysis and the different routes available to tune their electronic states and active sites. We also explore the future opportunities of these catalytic materials and the challenges they face in terms of both fundamental understanding and the development of industrial applications.
石墨烯和其他二维原子晶体因其独特的结构和电子特性，在催化领域引起了相当大的关注。在过去的十年中，这些材料已被用于各种反应，包括氧还原反应、水分解和二氧化碳活化，并已显示出一系列催化机制。在这里，我们综述了近年来石墨烯和其他二维材料在催化应用中的最新进展，特别关注了范德华异质结构（几层二维晶体的堆叠）等多相体系中这些材料的催化活性。我们讨论了这些材料在催化方面的优势，以及可用于调整其电子态和活性位的不同途径。我们还探讨了这些催化材料的未来机遇以及在基础理解和工业应用开发方面面临的挑战。
