Machado Ana, Bordalo Adriano A
Laboratory of Hydrobiology and Ecology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS-UP), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal.
Ecohealth. 2016 Jun;13(2):339-49. doi: 10.1007/s10393-016-1104-1. Epub 2016 Mar 3.
V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus are recognized human pathogens. Although several studies are available worldwide, both on environmental and clinical contexts, little is known about the ecology of these vibrios in African coastal waters. In this study, their co-occurrence and relationships to key environmental constraints in the coastal waters of Guinea-Bissau were examined using the most probable number-polymerase chain reaction (MPN-PCR) approach. All Vibrio species were universally detected showing higher concentrations by the end of the wet season. The abundance of V. cholerae (ISR 16S-23S rRNA) ranged 0-1.2 × 10(4) MPN/L, whereas V. parahaemolyticus (toxR) varied from 47.9 to 1.2 × 10(5) MPN/L. Although the presence of genotypes associated with virulence was found in environmental V. cholerae isolates, ctxA+ V. cholerae was detected, by MPN-PCR, only on two occasions. Enteropathogenic (tdh+ and trh+) V. parahaemolyticus were detected at concentrations up to 1.2 × 10(3) MPN/L. V. vulnificus (vvhA) was detected simultaneously in all surveyed sites only at the end of the wet season, with maximum concentrations of 1.2 × 10(5) MPN/L. Our results suggest that sea surface water temperature and salinity were the major environmental controls to all Vibrio species. This study represents the first detection and quantification of co-occurring Vibrio species in West African coastal waters, highlighting the potential health risk associated with the persistence of human pathogenic Vibrio species.
霍乱弧菌、副溶血性弧菌和创伤弧菌是公认的人类病原体。尽管全球范围内在环境和临床方面都有多项研究，但对于这些弧菌在非洲沿海水域的生态学却知之甚少。在本研究中，使用最可能数聚合酶链反应（MPN-PCR）方法检测了它们在几内亚比绍沿海水域的共存情况及其与关键环境限制因素的关系。所有弧菌属物种均被普遍检测到，在雨季结束时浓度更高。霍乱弧菌（ISR 16S-23S rRNA）的丰度范围为0-1.2×10⁴MPN/L，而副溶血性弧菌（toxR）的丰度则在47.9至1.2×10⁵MPN/L之间变化。尽管在环境中分离出的霍乱弧菌菌株中发现了与毒力相关的基因型，但通过MPN-PCR仅在两次检测中发现了ctxA⁺霍乱弧菌。检测到肠致病性（tdh⁺和trh⁺）副溶血性弧菌的浓度高达1.2×10³MPN/L。仅在雨季结束时，在所有调查地点同时检测到创伤弧菌（vvhA），最高浓度为1.2×10⁵MPN/L。我们的结果表明，海水表面温度和盐度是所有弧菌属物种的主要环境控制因素。本研究首次对西非沿海水域中共存的弧菌属物种进行了检测和定量，突出了与人类致病性弧菌属物种持续存在相关的潜在健康风险。
