小脑皮质中运动定时的机制。
Mechanisms for motor timing in the cerebellar cortex.
作者信息
Johansson Fredrik, Hesslow Germund, Medina Javier F
机构信息
Associative learning group, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, 22184, Sweden. ; The Linnaeus Center Thinking in Time: Cognition, Communication & Learning, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden.
Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Behav Sci. 2016 Apr;8:53-59. doi: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2016.01.013.
In classical eyeblink conditioning a subject learns to blink to a previously neutral stimulus. This conditional response is timed to occur just before an air puff to the eye. The learning is known to depend on the cerebellar cortex where Purkinje cells respond with adaptively timed pauses in their spontaneous firing. The pauses in the inhibitory Purkinje cells cause disinhibition of the cerebellar nuclei, which elicit the overt blinks. The timing of a Purkinje cell response was previously thought to require a temporal code in the input signal but recent work suggests that the Purkinje cells can learn to time their responses through an intrinsic mechanism that is activated by metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR7).
在经典眨眼条件反射中，受试者学会对先前中性的刺激做出眨眼反应。这种条件反应会被调整为恰好在向眼睛吹气之前发生。已知这种学习依赖于小脑皮质，浦肯野细胞在其中通过自发放电的适应性定时停顿做出反应。抑制性浦肯野细胞的停顿会导致小脑核的去抑制，从而引发明显的眨眼。浦肯野细胞反应的定时以前被认为需要输入信号中的时间编码，但最近的研究表明，浦肯野细胞可以通过一种由代谢型谷氨酸受体（mGluR7）激活的内在机制来学习对其反应进行定时。
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