Giakoumaki Stella G, Karagiannopoulou Leda, Rózsa Sándor, Zouraraki Chrysoula, Karamaouna Penny, Cloninger C Robert
Department of Psychology, University of Crete , Rethymno , Greece.
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, Missouri , USA.
PeerJ. 2016 Mar 22;4:e1830. doi: 10.7717/peerj.1830. eCollection 2016.
Background. The revised Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-R) measures Cloninger's psychobiological model of personality. The average effects of individual temperament and character traits have been associated with schizotypy and with impaired regulation of affect and cognition. We extended prior research by testing predictions about the association of specific multidimensional configurations of temperament and character traits on schizotypy, affect balance, and self-perceived cognitive functioning. Method. A well-educated sample of native Greeks (N = 483), completed a new Greek translation of the TCI-R, as well as the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), the Positive/Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ). The factor structure of the TCI-R was examined with exploratory and confirmatory tests. Associations between reported measures were examined with correlational and regression analyses. Results. The TCI-R had good psychometric properties as expected from studies in other countries. As predicted, specific configurations of temperament and character were associated with schizotypy, negative affect balance, and cognitive lapses. The "Borderline/Explosive temperament" (high Novelty Seeking, high Harm Avoidance, low Reward Dependence), "Schizotypal/Disorganized character" (low Self-directedness, low Cooperativeness, high Self-transcendence), and "Low Ego Strength/Fragile" profile (high Harm Avoidance, low Persistence, low Self-Directedness) were each strongly associated with higher stereotypy, negative affect balance (low positive affect and high negative affect), and subjective cognitive lapses compared to their contrast groups. Discussion. Multidimensional TCI profiles are strongly related to individual differences in schizotypy and self-reported regulation of affect and cognition. The Greek translation of the TCI-R is psychometrically sound and useful for clinical assessment and research.
背景。修订后的气质与性格量表（TCI-R）用于测量克隆宁格的人格心理生物学模型。个体气质和性格特征的平均效应已与精神分裂症型人格特质以及情感和认知调节受损相关联。我们通过测试关于气质和性格特征的特定多维组合与精神分裂症型人格特质、情感平衡和自我感知认知功能之间关联的预测，扩展了先前的研究。方法。选取了483名受过良好教育的希腊本土人作为样本，他们完成了TCI-R的新希腊语译本，以及精神分裂症型人格问卷（SPQ）、正负性情绪量表（PANAS）和认知失误问卷（CFQ）。通过探索性和验证性测试检验了TCI-R的因子结构。使用相关性和回归分析检验了所报告测量之间的关联。结果。正如其他国家的研究所预期的那样，TCI-R具有良好的心理测量特性。正如所预测的，气质和性格的特定组合与精神分裂症型人格特质、负性情感平衡和认知失误相关联。与对照组相比，“边缘型/爆发性气质”（高新奇寻求、高伤害回避、低奖赏依赖）、“精神分裂症型/紊乱性格”（低自我导向、低合作性、高自我超越）和“低自我力量/脆弱”型（高伤害回避、低坚持性、低自我导向）均与更高的刻板性、负性情感平衡（低正性情感和高负性情感）以及主观认知失误密切相关。讨论。多维TCI剖面图与精神分裂症型人格特质以及自我报告的情感和认知调节方面的个体差异密切相关。TCI-R的希腊语译本在心理测量上是可靠的，对临床评估和研究有用。
