Stojičić Dragana, Tošić Svetlana, Slavkovska Violeta, Zlatković Bojan, Budimir Snežana, Janošević Dušica, Uzelac Branka
Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000, Niš, Serbia.
Department of Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
Planta. 2016 Aug;244(2):393-404. doi: 10.1007/s00425-016-2513-7. Epub 2016 Apr 13.
In vitro conditions and benzyladenine influenced both content and composition of micropropagated Micromeria pulegium essential oils, with pulegone and menthone being the main essential oil components. The content and chemical composition of Micromeria pulegium (Rochel) Benth. essential oils were studied in native plant material at vegetative stage and in micropropagated plants, obtained from nodal segments cultured on solid MS medium supplemented with N(6)-benzyladenine (BA) or kinetin at different concentrations, alone or in combination with indole-3-acetic acid. Shoot proliferation was achieved in all treatments, but the highest biomass production was obtained after treatment with 10 μM BA. Phytochemical analysis identified up to 21 compounds in the essential oils of wild-growing and in vitro cultivated plants, both showing very high percentages of total monoterpenoids dominated by oxygenated monoterpenes of the menthane type. Pulegone and menthone were the main essential oil components detected in both wild-growing plants (60.07 and 26.85 %, respectively) and micropropagated plants grown on either plant growth regulator-free medium (44.57 and 29.14 %, respectively) or BA-supplemented medium (50.77 and 14.45 %, respectively). The percentage of total sesquiterpenoids increased in vitro, particularly owing to sesquiterpene hydrocarbons that were not found in wild-growing plants. Differences in both content and the composition of the essential oils obtained from different samples indicated that in vitro culture conditions and plant growth regulators significantly influence the essential oils properties. In addition, the morphology and structure of M. pulegium glandular trichomes in relation to the secretory process were characterized for the first time using SEM and light microscopy, and their secretion was histochemically analyzed.
体外培养条件和苄基腺嘌呤对微繁的普列薄荷精油的含量和成分均有影响，长叶薄荷酮和薄荷酮是主要的精油成分。研究了普列薄荷（Rochel）Benth. 在营养生长阶段的原生植物材料以及从在添加了不同浓度的N(6)-苄基腺嘌呤（BA）或激动素、单独或与吲哚-3-乙酸组合的固体MS培养基上培养的节段获得的微繁植物中精油的含量和化学成分。所有处理均实现了芽增殖，但用10 μM BA处理后生物量产量最高。植物化学分析在野生和体外培养植物的精油中鉴定出多达21种化合物，两者均显示出以薄荷烷型氧化单萜为主的总单萜类化合物的百分比非常高。长叶薄荷酮和薄荷酮是在野生植物（分别为60.07%和26.85%）以及在无植物生长调节剂培养基（分别为44.57%和29.14%）或添加BA培养基（分别为50.77%和14.45%）上生长的微繁植物中检测到的主要精油成分。体外培养时总倍半萜类化合物的百分比增加，特别是由于野生植物中未发现的倍半萜烃类化合物。从不同样品获得的精油在含量和成分上的差异表明，体外培养条件和植物生长调节剂显著影响精油特性。此外，首次使用扫描电子显微镜和光学显微镜对普列薄荷腺毛的形态和结构及其分泌过程进行了表征，并对其分泌进行了组织化学分析。
