Frank Guido K W, Shott Megan E, Keffler Carrie, Cornier Marc-Andre
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus.
Neuroscience Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus.
Int J Eat Disord. 2016 Jun;49(6):603-12. doi: 10.1002/eat.22538. Epub 2016 Apr 16.
Eating disorders are severe psychiatric disorders of unknown etiology. Understanding how neuronal function affects food choices could help personalize treatment based on brain function. Here we wanted to determine whether disordered eating behavior is associated with alterations in the primary taste cortex's ability to classify taste stimuli, which could interfere with taste reward processing.
One-hundred and six women, 27 healthy comparison (age 26.15 ± 6.95 years), 21 with restricting-type anorexia nervosa (AN; age 23.10 ± 6.14 years), 19 recovered from restricting-type AN (recovered AN; age 26.95 ± 5.31 years), 20 with bulimia nervosa (BN; age 25.15 ± 5.31 years), and 19 with obesity (age 28.16 ± 8.13 years), received sucrose, control solution or no taste stimulation during functional magnetic resonance brain imaging. Multivariate Bayesian pattern analysis (decoding) and cross-validation tested taste classification accuracy (adjusted for comorbidity, medication use, taste perception, interoception, and brain activation volume).
For sucrose versus control solution, classification accuracy differed (F = 2.53, P < 0.041). Post hoc tests indicated higher classification accuracy in healthy comparison compared to women with AN (P < 0.016) or obesity (P < 0.027), and in recovered AN as compared to AN (P < 0.016) or obesity (P < 0.047) groups. Taste stimulation resulted in sparse insula voxel activation across all groups.
Reduced classification accuracy across stimuli in women with AN or obesity could indicate low brain encoding discrimination of stimulus quality, which could contribute to altered reward activation and eating drive that is not adjusted to nutritional needs. This deficit appears to normalize with recovery from AN, but adjusting food flavor intensity could aid in the treatment of individuals with AN or obesity. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.(Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:603-612).
饮食失调是病因不明的严重精神疾病。了解神经元功能如何影响食物选择有助于根据脑功能进行个性化治疗。在此，我们想确定紊乱的饮食行为是否与初级味觉皮层对味觉刺激进行分类的能力改变有关，这可能会干扰味觉奖赏处理。
106名女性，27名健康对照者（年龄26.15±6.95岁），21名患有限制型神经性厌食症（AN；年龄23.10±6.14岁），19名从限制型AN康复者（康复AN；年龄26.95±5.31岁），20名患有神经性贪食症（BN；年龄25.15±5.31岁），以及19名肥胖者（年龄28.16±8.13岁），在功能性磁共振脑成像期间接受蔗糖、对照溶液或无味觉刺激。多变量贝叶斯模式分析（解码）和交叉验证测试了味觉分类准确性（针对合并症、药物使用、味觉感知、内感受和脑激活体积进行了调整）。
对于蔗糖与对照溶液，分类准确性存在差异（F = 2.53，P < 0.041）。事后检验表明，健康对照者的分类准确性高于患有AN的女性（P < 0.016）或肥胖女性（P < 0.027），康复AN组的分类准确性高于AN组（P < 0.016）或肥胖组（P < 0.047）。味觉刺激导致所有组的脑岛体素激活稀疏。
患有AN或肥胖的女性对刺激的分类准确性降低可能表明大脑对刺激质量的编码辨别能力较低，这可能导致奖赏激活和饮食驱动力改变，而未根据营养需求进行调整。这种缺陷在从AN康复后似乎恢复正常，但调整食物风味强度可能有助于治疗患有AN或肥胖的个体。©2016威利期刊公司（《国际进食障碍杂志》2016年；49：603 - 612）
