Yu V W C, Scadden D T
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States; Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States.
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States; Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States.
Curr Top Dev Biol. 2016;118:21-44. doi: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2016.01.009. Epub 2016 Mar 21.
Stem cells do not thrive without their niche. The bone marrow microenvironment is where hematopoietic stem cells maintain their cell state while receiving physiological input to modify their activity in response to changing physiological demands. The complexity of the bone marrow microenvironment is being unraveled and indicates that multiple different cell types contribute to the regulation of stem and progenitor cells. Further, it is becoming evident that the bone marrow represents a composite of niches with different components and different functional roles in hematopoiesis. It is now evident that alterations in specific stromal cells that comprise the bone marrow microenvironment can contribute to hematologic pathology. In this chapter, we will review the history of the niche concept, evolving information about its components and how niche dysfunction may contribute to disease.
干细胞在没有其微环境的情况下无法茁壮成长。骨髓微环境是造血干细胞维持其细胞状态的场所，同时接受生理输入以根据不断变化的生理需求改变其活性。骨髓微环境的复杂性正在被揭示，这表明多种不同的细胞类型参与了对干细胞和祖细胞的调节。此外，越来越明显的是，骨髓代表了具有不同组成部分和在造血过程中发挥不同功能作用的微环境的复合体。现在很明显，构成骨髓微环境的特定基质细胞的改变可能导致血液学病理。在本章中，我们将回顾微环境概念的历史、关于其组成部分的不断演变的信息，以及微环境功能障碍可能如何导致疾病。
