Sando Zacharie, Fokouo Jean Valentin, Mebada Arlette Onomo, Djomou François, NDjolo Alexis, Oyono Jean Louis Essame
Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMBS) of the University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Pathology Service of Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMBS) of the University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Pan Afr Med J. 2016 Mar 3;23:66. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2016.23.66.5105. eCollection 2016.
Tumors of salivary glands are rare. According to Johns and Goldsmith in 1989, their annual incidence is less than 1/100000 without noteworthy geographical gap. But other authors suggest that their distribution may vary according to the race and geographical location. In Cameroon, existing studies give incomplete data. Hence, we underwent this study in order to draw the general profile of salivary gland tumors in Cameroon.
A retrospective study was carried out on the period spanning from January 2000 to December 2010 (11 years). It was done in nine Pathology services of different hospitals in Yaoundé, Douala and Bamenda. We consulted the archive registers of those services, retaining any patient with salivary gland tumor, whatever the histological type or location. Information gathered was the year of diagnosis, the service, the age and sex, the site of the tumor (gland) the histological type and the benign/ malignant character.
We recruited a total of 275 files. Women were 56% (154/275) and men 44% (121/275) of the sample. Fifty eight tumors were malignant (21.9%) while 217 were benign (78.1%). The overall mean age was 37.44 years, with extremes between 1 and 84 years. Pleomorphic adenoma (60.36%) was the most common benign tumor. Adenoid cystic carcinoma (31%), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (22.4%) and adenocarcinoma (19%) were the most common malignant tumors. Palate (66.7%), cheek (30%) and lips (3.3%) were the sites were the minor salivary glands were mostly involved.
The differences with western world authors suggest a geographical variability of salivary gland tumors.
唾液腺肿瘤较为罕见。据约翰斯和戈德史密斯1989年的研究，其年发病率低于十万分之一，且无明显的地域差异。但其他作者认为，其分布可能因种族和地理位置而异。在喀麦隆，现有研究提供的数据并不完整。因此，我们开展了这项研究，以勾勒喀麦隆唾液腺肿瘤的总体概况。
对2000年1月至2010年12月（共11年）期间进行了一项回顾性研究。研究在雅温得、杜阿拉和巴门达不同医院的九个病理科进行。我们查阅了这些科室的档案记录，纳入任何患有唾液腺肿瘤的患者，无论其组织学类型或肿瘤位置如何。收集的信息包括诊断年份、科室、年龄和性别、肿瘤部位（腺体）、组织学类型以及良性/恶性特征。
我们共收集了275份病例。样本中女性占56%（154/275），男性占44%（121/275）。58例肿瘤为恶性（21.9%），217例为良性（78.1%）。总体平均年龄为37.44岁，年龄范围在1岁至84岁之间。多形性腺瘤（60.36%）是最常见的良性肿瘤。腺样囊性癌（31%）、黏液表皮样癌（22.4%）和腺癌（19%）是最常见的恶性肿瘤。腭部（66.7%）、颊部（30%）和唇部（3.3%）是小唾液腺最常受累的部位。
与西方作者的研究结果存在差异，提示唾液腺肿瘤存在地域变异性。
