Rausch Manuel, Zehetleitner Michael
Psychologie II, Catholic University of Eichstätt-IngolstadtEichstätt, Germany; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMunich, Germany; General and Experimental Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universtität MünchenMunich, Germany.
Psychologie II, Catholic University of Eichstätt-IngolstadtEichstätt, Germany; General and Experimental Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universtität MünchenMunich, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2016 Apr 26;7:591. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00591. eCollection 2016.
In several visual tasks, participants report that they feel confident about discrimination responses at a level of stimulation at which they would report not seeing the stimulus. How general and reliable is this effect? We compared subjective reports of discrimination confidence and subjective reports of visibility in an orientation discrimination task with varying stimulus contrast. Participants applied more liberal criteria for subjective reports of discrimination confidence than for visibility. While reports of discrimination confidence were more efficient in predicting trial accuracy than reports of visibility, only reports of visibility but not confidence were associated with stimulus contrast in incorrect trials. It is argued that the distinction between discrimination confidence and visibility can be reconciled with both the partial awareness hypothesis and higher order thought theory. We suggest that consciousness research would benefit from differentiating between subjective reports of visibility and confidence.
在多项视觉任务中，参与者报告称，在他们表示未看到刺激的刺激水平下，他们对辨别反应仍感到自信。这种效应有多普遍和可靠？我们在一个具有不同刺激对比度的方向辨别任务中，比较了辨别信心的主观报告和可见性的主观报告。参与者在辨别信心的主观报告中采用的标准比在可见性报告中更为宽松。虽然辨别信心的报告在预测试验准确性方面比可见性报告更有效，但在错误试验中，只有可见性报告而非信心报告与刺激对比度相关。有人认为，辨别信心和可见性之间的区别可以与部分意识假说和高阶思维理论相协调。我们建议，意识研究将受益于区分可见性和信心的主观报告。
