Hara Cristiane de Castro Pernet, França Eduardo Luzía, Fagundes Danny Laura Gomes, de Queiroz Adriele Ataides, Rudge Marilza Vieira Cunha, Honorio-França Adenilda Cristina, Calderon Iracema de Mattos Paranhos
Graduate Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 18600-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Institute of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso, 78600-000 Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil.
J Immunol Res. 2016;2016:7154524. doi: 10.1155/2016/7154524. Epub 2016 May 16.
The present study characterized natural killer cells and cytokines in diabetic mothers, their placenta, and fetus. In the maternal blood from the hyperglycemic groups, the CD16(+)CD56(-) NK cells increased, whereas that of CD16(+)CD56(+) decreased in gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM] group. Cord blood from type 2 diabetes [DM-2] showed a higher proportion of CD16(+)CD56(-) and CD16(-)CD56(+). The placental extravillous layer of GDM and DM-2 showed an increase of CD16(+)CD56(-) cells and, irrespective of region, the proportion of CD16(-)CD56(+) cells was higher in mild gestational hyperglycemia [MGH] and GDM and lower in DM-2. IL-2 was lower in maternal blood and IFN-γ higher in maternal and cord blood from the GDM group. IL-17 was higher in maternal and cord blood from the DM-2 group. The placental extravillous layer of the MGH showed high levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, and IFN-γ and low levels of IL-1β and IL-8, whereas the placental villous layer contained high levels of IL-17 and IFN-γ. The GDM group, irrespective of region, showed higher levels of IL-8. The DM-2 group, irrespective of region, placenta showed high levels of TNF-α, IL-17, and IFN-γ. The hyperglycemia produces an inflammatory environment with a high content of inflammatory cytokines and cells expressing CD16(+).
本研究对糖尿病母亲及其胎盘和胎儿中的自然杀伤细胞和细胞因子进行了特征分析。在高血糖组的母体血液中，妊娠糖尿病（GDM）组的CD16(+)CD56(-)自然杀伤细胞增加，而CD16(+)CD56(+)自然杀伤细胞减少。2型糖尿病（DM-2）组的脐血显示CD16(+)CD56(-)和CD16(-)CD56(+)的比例更高。GDM和DM-2的胎盘绒毛外滋养层CD16(+)CD56(-)细胞增加，且无论区域如何，轻度妊娠高血糖（MGH）和GDM中CD16(-)CD56(+)细胞的比例较高，而DM-2中较低。GDM组母体血液中的白细胞介素-2（IL-2）较低，母体和脐血中的干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）较高。DM-2组母体和脐血中的白细胞介素-17（IL-17）较高。MGH的胎盘绒毛外滋养层白细胞介素-4、白细胞介素-6、白细胞介素-10、白细胞介素-17和干扰素-γ水平较高，白细胞介素-1β和白细胞介素-8水平较低，而胎盘绒毛层白细胞介素-17和干扰素-γ水平较高。无论区域如何，GDM组白细胞介素-8水平较高。无论区域如何，DM-2组胎盘肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-17和干扰素-γ水平较高。高血糖会产生一种炎症环境，其中炎症细胞因子含量高且表达CD16(+)的细胞增多。
