INRA, UMR 1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), F-49071 Beaucouzé, France; email:
INRA, UMR 441 Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Micro-organismes (LIPM), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; email:
Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2016 Aug 4;54:163-87. doi: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-080615-100147. Epub 2016 Jan 1.
How pathogens coevolve with and adapt to their hosts are critical to understanding how host jumps and/or acquisition of novel traits can lead to new disease emergences. The Xanthomonas genus includes Gram-negative plant-pathogenic bacteria that collectively infect a broad range of crops and wild plant species. However, individual Xanthomonas strains usually cause disease on only a few plant species and are highly adapted to their hosts, making them pertinent models to study host specificity. This review summarizes our current understanding of the molecular basis of host specificity in the Xanthomonas genus, with a particular focus on the ecology, physiology, and pathogenicity of the bacterium. Despite our limited understanding of the basis of host specificity, type III effectors, microbe-associated molecular patterns, lipopolysaccharides, transcriptional regulators, and chemotactic sensors emerge as key determinants for shaping host specificity.
病原体如何与宿主共同进化和适应对于理解宿主跳跃和/或获得新特征如何导致新疾病的出现至关重要。黄单胞菌属包括革兰氏阴性植物病原细菌，它们共同感染广泛的作物和野生植物物种。然而，个别黄单胞菌菌株通常只在少数几种植物物种上引起疾病，并且对其宿主高度适应，因此它们是研究宿主特异性的相关模型。本综述总结了我们目前对黄单胞菌属宿主特异性的分子基础的理解，特别关注细菌的生态学、生理学和致病性。尽管我们对宿主特异性的基础了解有限，但 III 型效应子、微生物相关分子模式、脂多糖、转录调节剂和趋化传感器成为塑造宿主特异性的关键决定因素。
