Rohrmann Sonja, Bechtoldt Myriam N, Leonhardt Mona
Department of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt Germany.
Department of Management, Frankfurt School of Finance and Management, Frankfurt Germany.
Front Psychol. 2016 Jun 2;7:821. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00821. eCollection 2016.
Following up on earlier investigations, the present research aims at validating the construct impostor phenomenon by taking other personality correlates into account and to examine whether the impostor phenomenon is a construct in its own right. In addition, gender effects as well as associations with dispositional working styles and strain are examined. In an online study we surveyed a sample of N = 242 individuals occupying leadership positions in different sectors. Confirmatory factor analyses provide empirical evidence for the discriminant validity of the impostor phenomenon. In accord with earlier studies we show that the impostor phenomenon is accompanied by higher levels of anxiety, dysphoric moods, emotional instability, a generally negative self-evaluation, and perfectionism. The study does not reveal any gender differences concerning the impostor phenomenon. With respect to working styles, persons with an impostor self-concept tend to show perfectionist as well as procrastinating behaviors. Moreover, they report being more stressed and strained by their work. In sum, the findings show that the impostor phenomenon constitutes a dysfunctional personality style. Practical implications are discussed.
在早期调查的基础上，本研究旨在通过考虑其他人格相关因素来验证冒名顶替现象这一概念，并检验冒名顶替现象本身是否为一个独立的概念。此外，还研究了性别效应以及与性格工作方式和压力的关联。在一项在线研究中，我们对来自不同行业担任领导职务的N = 242名个体进行了调查。验证性因素分析为冒名顶替现象的区分效度提供了实证证据。与早期研究一致，我们发现冒名顶替现象伴随着更高水平的焦虑、烦躁情绪、情绪不稳定、普遍的负面自我评价和完美主义。该研究未发现冒名顶替现象存在任何性别差异。在工作方式方面，具有冒名顶替自我概念的人往往表现出完美主义以及拖延行为。此外，他们报告称工作压力和紧张程度更大。总之，研究结果表明冒名顶替现象构成了一种功能失调的人格风格。文中还讨论了实际意义。
