Antoniewicz Franziska, Brand Ralf
Division of Sport and Exercise Psychology, University of Potsdam Potsdam, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2016 Jun 2;7:838. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00838. eCollection 2016.
The aim of this study was to examine how automatic evaluations of exercising (AEE) varied according to adherence to an exercise program. Eighty-eight participants (24.98 years ± 6.88; 51.1% female) completed a Brief-Implicit Association Task assessing their AEE, positive and negative associations to exercising at the beginning of a 3-month exercise program. Attendance data were collected for all participants and used in a cluster analysis of adherence patterns. Three different adherence patterns (52 maintainers, 16 early dropouts, 20 late dropouts; 40.91% overall dropouts) were detected using cluster analyses. Participants from these three clusters differed significantly with regard to their positive and negative associations to exercising before the first course meeting ([Formula: see text] = 0.07). Discriminant function analyses revealed that positive associations to exercising was a particularly good discriminating factor. This is the first study to provide evidence of the differential impact of positive and negative associations on exercise behavior over the medium term. The findings contribute to theoretical understanding of evaluative processes from a dual-process perspective and may provide a basis for targeted interventions.
本研究的目的是考察运动的自动评价（AEE）如何根据对运动计划的依从性而变化。88名参与者（年龄24.98岁±6.88；51.1%为女性）在一项为期3个月的运动计划开始时，完成了一项简短的内隐联想测验，以评估他们的AEE、对运动的积极和消极联想。收集了所有参与者的出勤数据，并将其用于依从模式的聚类分析。使用聚类分析检测到三种不同的依从模式（52名维持者、16名早期退出者、20名晚期退出者；总体退出率为40.91%）。这三个聚类中的参与者在第一次课程会议之前对运动的积极和消极联想方面存在显著差异（[公式：见正文] = 0.07）。判别函数分析表明，对运动的积极联想是一个特别好的区分因素。这是第一项提供证据表明积极和消极联想在中期对运动行为有不同影响的研究。这些发现有助于从双过程视角对评价过程进行理论理解，并可能为有针对性的干预提供依据。
