Ojeda M Luisa, Nogales Fátima, Muñoz Del Valle Paulina, Díaz-Castro Javier, Murillo M Luisa, Carreras Olimpia
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Seville University, 41012 Seville, Spain.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Mataix', University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Food Funct. 2016 Jul 13;7(7):3031-8. doi: 10.1039/c6fo00595k.
Since Selenium (Se) forms part of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), which appears to have a dual role in Metabolic Syndrome (MS), this study evaluates the implication of Se in the transmission of this pathology to the progeny.
Se body distribution, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, insulin and metabolic hormones [glucagon, leptin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), and triiodothyronine (T3)], growth factors, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANK-L) and osteopontin, as well as oxidative hepatic balance in the offspring of dams exposed to a fructose-rich diet (65%) with normal Se content (0.01 ppm) during gestation and lactation, were measured according to sex.
Fructose pups had lower body weight; however, male pups had a lower body mass index and growth indicators in serum. Fructose pups, especially females, had lower levels of serum insulin and HOMA-IR. With regard to Se homeostasis, fructose pups presented a depletion of Se in heart and muscle, and repletion in kidneys, pancreas and thyroid, although only female pups showed a repletion of Se in the liver. Fructose pups presented lower superoxide dismutase activity and only female fructose pups had higher GPx activity, which provoked hepatic oxidation.
Se balance and Se tissue deposits in MS pups during lactation are altered by gender. This difference is focused on hepatic Se deposits that affect GPx activity, which could be related to a disruption in the insulin-signaling cascade in females. Furthermore, although female fructose pups had greater metabolic disorders, only the males' growth and development were affected. Particularly relevant is the depletion of Se found in the heart of fructose pups, as this element is essential for correct heart function.
由于硒（Se）是谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）的组成部分，而谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶在代谢综合征（MS）中似乎具有双重作用，本研究评估了硒在这种病理状态向子代传递中的影响。
根据性别，对在妊娠和哺乳期暴露于正常硒含量（0.01 ppm）的富含果糖饮食（65%）的母鼠后代的硒身体分布、葡萄糖、甘油三酯、胆固醇、胰岛素和代谢激素[胰高血糖素、瘦素、胃抑制多肽（GIP）和三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）]、生长因子、核因子κB受体激活剂配体（RANK-L）和骨桥蛋白，以及肝脏氧化平衡进行了测量。
果糖喂养的幼崽体重较低；然而，雄性幼崽的体重指数和血清生长指标较低。果糖喂养的幼崽，尤其是雌性，血清胰岛素水平和稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）较低。关于硒稳态，果糖喂养的幼崽心脏和肌肉中的硒含量减少，肾脏、胰腺和甲状腺中的硒含量增加，尽管只有雌性幼崽肝脏中的硒含量增加。果糖喂养的幼崽超氧化物歧化酶活性较低，只有雌性果糖喂养的幼崽谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性较高，这引发了肝脏氧化。
哺乳期MS幼崽的硒平衡和硒组织沉积因性别而异。这种差异集中在影响谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性的肝脏硒沉积上，这可能与雌性胰岛素信号级联的破坏有关。此外，尽管雌性果糖喂养的幼崽有更严重的代谢紊乱，但只有雄性的生长和发育受到影响。特别值得注意的是果糖喂养的幼崽心脏中硒的缺乏，因为这种元素对心脏正常功能至关重要。
