Thompson Erika L, Vamos Cheryl A, Griner Stacey B, Daley Ellen M
Department of Community and Family Health, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, 13201 Bruce B. Downs Blvd. MDC 56, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
J Cancer Educ. 2018 Apr;33(2):278-283. doi: 10.1007/s13187-016-1068-4.
The human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause anogenital cancers and genital warts; however, it can be prevented through the HPV vaccine, which has been available since 2006. While this vaccine is targeted toward 11-to-12-year-olds, 18-to-26-year-old young adult women are eligible for "catch-up" vaccination. Knowledge of HPV may impact HPV vaccine uptake among this population. The purpose of this study was to assess changes in HPV knowledge and HPV vaccine information sources among young adult college women over a 7-year period. Two independent samples (N = 223 for 2008; N = 323 for 2015) completed a 23-item knowledge scale and survey regarding HPV. Adjusted logistic regression models compared the odds of correctly answering each knowledge item between each time period. The study found that HPV knowledge increased significantly over time (p < 0.01). The participants in 2015 were more likely than the 2008 participants to accurately report that a condom can decrease the chance of HPV transmission; there is a vaccine for women that prevents certain types of HPV; HPV can cause genital warts; HPV can be passed to a newborn at birth; and even if you do not see a wart, you can transmit HPV. Recent participants were also more likely to correctly report only women can get HPV as false. While improvements in HPV knowledge were found over time, misperceptions regarding outcomes associated with HPV persist. In order to promote HPV vaccination among this population, health literacy skills, in addition to knowledge, should be improved.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）可引发肛门生殖器癌和尖锐湿疣；不过，自2006年起可通过HPV疫苗进行预防。虽然这种疫苗的目标人群是11至12岁的青少年，但18至26岁的年轻成年女性也可进行“补种”疫苗接种。对HPV的了解可能会影响该人群对HPV疫苗的接种情况。本研究的目的是评估7年间年轻成年女大学生对HPV的了解情况以及HPV疫苗信息来源的变化。两个独立样本（2008年N = 223；2015年N = 323）完成了一项包含23个项目的关于HPV的知识量表和调查。调整后的逻辑回归模型比较了每个时间段正确回答每个知识项目的几率。研究发现，随着时间推移，对HPV的了解显著增加（p < 0.01）。2015年的参与者比2008年的参与者更有可能准确报告避孕套可降低HPV传播几率；有一种针对女性的疫苗可预防某些类型的HPV；HPV可引发尖锐湿疣；HPV可在出生时传染给新生儿；即使没有疣体可见，也可传播HPV。近期的参与者也更有可能正确报告只有女性会感染HPV这一说法是错误的。虽然随着时间推移对HPV的了解有所改善，但对与HPV相关后果的误解仍然存在。为了在该人群中推广HPV疫苗接种，除了知识之外，还应提高健康素养技能。
