Calderon-Dominguez María, Mir Joan F, Fucho Raquel, Weber Minéia, Serra Dolors, Herrero Laura
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Adipocyte. 2015 Dec 10;5(2):98-118. doi: 10.1080/21623945.2015.1122857. eCollection 2016 Apr-Jun.
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions, leading to severe associated pathologies such as insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease, cancer and type 2 diabetes. Adipose tissue has become crucial due to its involvement in the pathogenesis of obesity-induced insulin resistance, and traditionally white adipose tissue has captured the most attention. However in the last decade the presence and activity of heat-generating brown adipose tissue (BAT) in adult humans has been rediscovered. BAT decreases with age and in obese and diabetic patients. It has thus attracted strong scientific interest, and any strategy to increase its mass or activity might lead to new therapeutic approaches to obesity and associated metabolic diseases. In this review we highlight the mechanisms of fatty acid uptake, trafficking and oxidation in brown fat thermogenesis. We focus on BAT's morphological and functional characteristics and fatty acid synthesis, storage, oxidation and use as a source of energy.
肥胖已达到流行程度，导致严重的相关病理状况，如胰岛素抵抗、心血管疾病、癌症和2型糖尿病。脂肪组织因其参与肥胖诱导的胰岛素抵抗的发病机制而变得至关重要，传统上白色脂肪组织受到了最多关注。然而，在过去十年中，成年人体内产热棕色脂肪组织（BAT）的存在和活性被重新发现。BAT会随着年龄增长以及在肥胖和糖尿病患者中减少。因此，它引起了强烈的科学兴趣，任何增加其质量或活性的策略都可能带来治疗肥胖及相关代谢疾病的新方法。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍棕色脂肪产热过程中脂肪酸摄取、转运和氧化的机制。我们关注BAT的形态和功能特征以及脂肪酸的合成、储存、氧化和作为能量来源的利用。
