Obreli-Neto Paulo Roque, Marques Dos Reis Tiago, Guidoni Camilo Molino, Girotto Edmarlon, Guerra Marisabelle Lima, de Oliveira Baldoni André, Leira Pereira Leonardo Régis
University of Sao Paulo Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Faculdades Integradas de Ourinhos, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
University of Sao Paulo Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Am J Pharm Educ. 2016 Jun 25;80(5):88. doi: 10.5688/ajpe80588.
Objective. To summarize the effects of media methods used in continuing education (CE) programs on providing clinical community pharmacy services and the methods used to evaluate the effectiveness of these programs. Methods. A systematic review was performed using Medline, SciELO, and Scopus databases. The timeline of the search was 1990 to 2013. Searches were conducted in English, Portuguese, and Spanish. Results. Nineteen articles of 3990 were included. Fourteen studies used only one media method, and the live method (n=11) was the most frequent (alone or in combination). Only two studies found that the CE program was ineffective or partially effective; these studies used only the live method. Most studies used nonrobust, nonvalidated, and nonstandardized methods to measure effectiveness. The majority of studies focused on the effect of the CE program on modifying the knowledge and skills of the pharmacists. One study assessed the CE program's benefits to patients or clients. Conclusion. No evidence was obtained regarding which media methods are the most effective. Robust and validated methods, as well as assessment standardization, are required to clearly determine whether a particular media method is effective.
目的。总结继续教育（CE）项目中所采用的媒介方法对提供临床社区药学服务的影响，以及用于评估这些项目有效性的方法。方法。使用Medline、SciELO和Scopus数据库进行系统评价。检索时间范围为1990年至2013年。检索语言为英语、葡萄牙语和西班牙语。结果。从3990篇文章中纳入了19篇。14项研究仅使用了一种媒介方法，其中现场授课方法（n = 11）最为常见（单独使用或与其他方法结合使用）。仅有两项研究发现CE项目无效或部分有效；这两项研究仅采用了现场授课方法。大多数研究使用的测量有效性的方法不稳健、未经验证且未标准化。大多数研究关注CE项目对改变药剂师知识和技能的影响。有一项研究评估了CE项目对患者或客户的益处。结论。未获得关于哪种媒介方法最有效的证据。需要采用稳健且经过验证的方法以及评估标准化，以明确确定特定的媒介方法是否有效。
