Fujimoto James, Swanson Eric
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016 Jul 1;57(9):OCT1-OCT13. doi: 10.1167/iovs.16-19963.
This review was written for the special issue of IOVS to describe the history of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and its evolution from a nonscientific, historic perspective. Optical coherence tomography has become a standard of care in ophthalmology, providing real-time information on structure and function - diagnosing disease, evaluating progression, and assessing response to therapy, as well as helping to understand disease pathogenesis and create new therapies. Optical coherence tomography also has applications in multiple clinical specialties, fundamental research, and manufacturing. We review the early history of OCT describing how research and development evolves and the important role of multidisciplinary collaboration and expertise. Optical coherence tomography had its origin in femtosecond optics, but used optical communications technologies and required advanced engineering for early OCT prototypes, clinical feasibility studies, entrepreneurship, and corporate development in order to achieve clinical acceptance and clinical impact. Critical advances were made by early career researchers, clinician scientists, engineering experts, and business leaders, which enabled OCT to have a worldwide impact on health care. We introduce the concept of an "ecosystem" consisting of research, government funding, collaboration and competition, clinical studies, innovation, entrepreneurship and industry, and impact - all of which must work synergistically. The process that we recount is long and challenging, but it is our hope that it might inspire early career professionals in science, engineering, and medicine, and that the clinical and research community will find this review of interest.
这篇综述是为《国际眼科杂志》特刊撰写的，旨在从非科学的历史角度描述光学相干断层扫描（OCT）的历史及其演变。光学相干断层扫描已成为眼科护理的标准，可提供有关结构和功能的实时信息——用于诊断疾病、评估病情进展、评估治疗反应，以及帮助理解疾病发病机制和开发新疗法。光学相干断层扫描还在多个临床专科、基础研究和制造业中有应用。我们回顾了OCT的早期历史，描述了其研发过程的演变以及多学科合作和专业知识的重要作用。光学相干断层扫描起源于飞秒光学，但早期的OCT原型、临床可行性研究、创业和企业发展需要使用光通信技术并具备先进的工程技术，以便实现临床认可和临床影响。早期职业研究人员、临床科学家、工程专家和商业领袖取得了关键进展，使OCT能够在全球范围内对医疗保健产生影响。我们引入了一个由研究、政府资助、合作与竞争、临床研究、创新、创业与产业以及影响组成的“生态系统”概念——所有这些都必须协同发挥作用。我们讲述的这个过程漫长且具有挑战性，但我们希望它能激励科学、工程和医学领域的早期职业专业人员，并且临床和研究界会对这篇综述感兴趣。
