Jonnal Ravi S, Kocaoglu Omer P, Zawadzki Robert J, Liu Zhuolin, Miller Donald T, Werner John S
Vision Science and Advanced Retinal Imaging Laboratory University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California, United States.
School of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016 Jul 1;57(9):OCT51-68. doi: 10.1167/iovs.16-19103.
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has enabled "virtual biopsy" of the living human retina, revolutionizing both basic retina research and clinical practice over the past 25 years. For most of those years, in parallel, adaptive optics (AO) has been used to improve the transverse resolution of ophthalmoscopes to foster in vivo study of the retina at the microscopic level. Here, we review work done over the last 15 years to combine the microscopic transverse resolution of AO with the microscopic axial resolution of OCT, building AO-OCT systems with the highest three-dimensional resolution of any existing retinal imaging modality.
We surveyed the literature to identify the most influential antecedent work, important milestones in the development of AO-OCT technology, its applications that have yielded new knowledge, research areas into which it may productively expand, and nascent applications that have the potential to grow.
Initial efforts focused on demonstrating three-dimensional resolution. Since then, many improvements have been made in resolution and speed, as well as other enhancements of acquisition and postprocessing techniques. Progress on these fronts has produced numerous discoveries about the anatomy, function, and optical properties of the retina.
Adaptive optics OCT continues to evolve technically and to contribute to our basic and clinical knowledge of the retina. Due to its capacity to reveal cellular and microscopic detail invisible to clinical OCT systems, it is an ideal companion to those instruments and has the demonstrable potential to produce images that can guide the interpretation of clinical findings.
光学相干断层扫描（OCT）实现了对活体人类视网膜的“虚拟活检”，在过去25年里彻底改变了基础视网膜研究和临床实践。在这些年的大部分时间里，与此同时，自适应光学（AO）已被用于提高检眼镜的横向分辨率，以促进在微观层面上对视网膜进行体内研究。在此，我们回顾过去15年所做的工作，即把AO的微观横向分辨率与OCT的微观轴向分辨率相结合，构建出具有现有任何视网膜成像模式中最高三维分辨率的AO-OCT系统。
我们查阅文献，以确定最具影响力的前期工作、AO-OCT技术发展中的重要里程碑、已产生新知识的应用、它可能有效扩展的研究领域以及具有发展潜力的新兴应用。
最初的工作重点是展示三维分辨率。从那时起，在分辨率和速度方面以及采集和后处理技术的其他方面都有了许多改进。这些方面的进展带来了关于视网膜的解剖结构、功能和光学特性的众多发现。
自适应光学OCT在技术上不断发展，并为我们关于视网膜的基础和临床知识做出贡献。由于其能够揭示临床OCT系统无法看到的细胞和微观细节，它是这些仪器的理想补充，并且具有产生可指导临床发现解读的图像的明显潜力。
