Moe Nina, Pedersen Bård, Nordbø Svein Arne, Skanke Lars Høsøien, Krokstad Sidsel, Smyrnaios Anastasios, Døllner Henrik
Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
PLoS One. 2016 Jul 19;11(7):e0159196. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159196. eCollection 2016.
Respiratory viruses often have been studied in children with respiratory tract infection (RTI), but less knowledge exists about viruses in asymptomatic children. We have studied the occurrence of a broad panel of respiratory viruses in apparently healthy children attending day care, taking into account the influence of possible confounding factors, such as age, clinical signs of respiratory tract infection (RTI), location (day-care section) and season.
We have studied 161 children in two day-care centers, each with separate sections for younger and older children, during four autumn and winter visits over a two-year period. A total of 355 clinical examinations were performed, and 343 nasopharyngeal samples (NPS) were analyzed by semi-quantitative, real-time, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests for 19 respiratory pathogens.
Forty-three percent of all NPS were PCR-positive for ≥ 1 of 13 virus species, with high species variation during visits. Rhinovirus 26% (88/343 NPS), enterovirus 12% (40/343) and parechovirus 9% (30/343) were detected in every visit, and the rates varied in relation to age, day-care section and season. Ten other viruses were detected in ≤ 3% of the NPS. Generally, viruses occurred together in the NPS. In 24% (79/331) of the clinical examinations with available NPS, the children had clear signs of RTI, while in 41% (135/331) they had mild signs, and in 35% (117/331) the children had no signs of RTI. Moreover, viruses were found in 70% (55/79) of children with clear signs of RTI, in 41% (55/135) with mild signs and in 30% (35/117) without any signs of RTI (p < 0.001).
Positive PCR tests for respiratory viruses, particularly picornaviruses, were frequently detected in apparently healthy children attending day care. Virus detection rates were related to age, presence of clinical signs of RTI, location in day care and season.
呼吸道病毒常在患有呼吸道感染（RTI）的儿童中进行研究，但对于无症状儿童体内的病毒了解较少。我们研究了参加日托的看似健康的儿童中多种呼吸道病毒的感染情况，同时考虑了年龄、呼吸道感染（RTI）的临床症状、地点（日托区域）和季节等可能的混杂因素的影响。
在两年时间里，我们在两个日托中心对161名儿童进行了研究，每个日托中心都分为幼儿区和大龄儿童区。在四个秋冬季节进行了总共355次临床检查，并通过半定量实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测对343份鼻咽样本（NPS）进行了19种呼吸道病原体的分析。
所有NPS中43%的样本对13种病毒中的至少一种呈PCR阳性，在不同的检查中病毒种类差异很大。每次检查均检测到鼻病毒26%（88/343份NPS）、肠道病毒12%（40/343）和细小病毒9%（30/343），其感染率因年龄、日托区域和季节而异。在≤3%的NPS中检测到另外10种病毒。一般来说，病毒在NPS中共同存在。在有可用NPS的临床检查中，24%（79/331）的儿童有明显的RTI症状，41%（135/331）的儿童有轻微症状，35%（117/331）的儿童没有RTI症状。此外，在有明显RTI症状的儿童中70%（55/79）检测到病毒，有轻微症状的儿童中41%（55/135）检测到病毒，没有任何RTI症状的儿童中30%（35/117）检测到病毒（p<0.001）。
在参加日托的看似健康的儿童中经常检测到呼吸道病毒的PCR阳性结果，尤其是微小RNA病毒。病毒检测率与年龄、RTI的临床症状、日托地点和季节有关。
