McLean Siân A, Paxton Susan J, Wertheim Eleanor H
School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia.
Body Image. 2016 Dec;19:9-23. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.08.002. Epub 2016 Aug 27.
This study comprised a systematic review of literature examining empirical relationships between levels of media literacy and body dissatisfaction and disordered eating. The review aimed to integrate research on this topic. Electronic databases were searched for key concepts: media literacy, body dissatisfaction, and disordered eating. Media literacy measures were coded for consistency with media literacy constructs. Sixteen eligible studies were identified. Cross-sectional outcomes depended upon the media literacy construct assessed. Some relationships between high scores on measures consistent with media literacy constructs and low scores on body dissatisfaction and related attitudes were found. Media literacy-based interventions revealed improvements in media literacy constructs realism scepticism, influence of media, and awareness of media motives for profit, and improvements in body-related variables, but not disordered eating. Further research examining relationships between theoretically driven media literacy constructs and body and eating concerns is needed. Recommendations are made for evaluating media literacy-based eating disorder prevention.
本研究包括对文献的系统综述，该综述考察了媒体素养水平与身体意象不满及饮食失调之间的实证关系。该综述旨在整合关于这一主题的研究。通过电子数据库搜索关键概念：媒体素养、身体意象不满和饮食失调。对媒体素养测量方法进行编码，以使其与媒体素养结构保持一致。共识别出16项符合条件的研究。横断面研究结果取决于所评估的媒体素养结构。在与媒体素养结构一致的测量中，高分与身体意象不满及相关态度的低分之间存在一些关系。基于媒体素养的干预措施显示，在媒体素养结构的现实主义怀疑态度、媒体影响力以及对媒体逐利动机的认知方面有所改善，在与身体相关的变量方面也有所改善，但饮食失调方面没有改善。需要进一步研究理论驱动的媒体素养结构与身体及饮食问题之间的关系。针对评估基于媒体素养的饮食失调预防提出了建议。
