Rebar Amanda L, Schoeppe Stephanie, Alley Stephanie J, Short Camille E, Dimmock James A, Jackson Ben, Conroy David E, Rhodes Ryan E, Vandelanotte Corneel
Physical Activity Research Group, School of Human, Health, and Social Sciences, Central Queensland University, RockhamptonQLD, Australia; Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, PerthWA, Australia.
Physical Activity Research Group, School of Human, Health, and Social Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton QLD, Australia.
Front Psychol. 2016 Aug 23;7:1277. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01277. eCollection 2016.
Physical activity is partially regulated by non-conscious processes including automatic evaluations - the spontaneous affective reactions we have to physical activity that lead us to approach or avoid physical activity opportunities. A sound understanding of which words best represent the concepts of physical activity and pleasantness (as associated with physical activity) is needed to improve the measurement of automatic evaluations and related constructs (e.g., automatic self-schemas, attentional biases). The first aim of this study was to establish population-level evidence of the most common word stimuli for physical activity and pleasantness. Given that response latency measures have been applied to assess automatic evaluations of physical activity and exercise, the second aim was to determine whether people use the same behavior and pleasant descriptors for physical activity and exercise. Australian adults (N = 1,318; 54.3% women; 48.9% aged 55 years or older) were randomly assigned to one of two groups, through a computer-generated 1:1 ratio allocation, to be asked to list either five behaviors and pleasant descriptors of physical activity (n = 686) or of exercise (n = 632). The words were independently coded twice as to whether they were novel words or the same as another (i.e., same stem or same meaning). Intercoder reliability varied between moderate and strong (agreement = 50.1 to 97.8%; κ = 0.48 to 0.82). A list of the 20 most common behavior and pleasantness words were established based on how many people reported them, weighted by the ranking (1-5) people gave them. The words people described as physical activity were mostly the same as those people used to describe exercise. The most common behavior words were 'walking,' 'running,' 'swimming,' 'bike riding,' and 'gardening'; and the most common pleasant descriptor words were 'relaxing,' 'happiness,' 'enjoyment,' 'exhilarating,' 'exhausting,' and 'good.' These sets of stimuli can be utilized as resources for response latency measurement tasks of automatic evaluations and for tools to enhance automatic evaluations of physical activity in evaluative conditioning tasks.
身体活动部分受无意识过程调节，包括自动评价——我们对身体活动产生的自发情感反应，这些反应会引导我们接近或避开身体活动机会。为了改进自动评价及相关结构（如自动自我图式、注意偏向）的测量，需要深入理解哪些词汇最能代表身体活动和愉悦感（与身体活动相关）的概念。本研究的首要目标是建立关于身体活动和愉悦感最常见词汇刺激的群体水平证据。鉴于反应潜伏期测量已被用于评估对身体活动和锻炼的自动评价，第二个目标是确定人们对身体活动和锻炼是否使用相同的行为和愉悦描述词。澳大利亚成年人（N = 1318；54.3%为女性；48.9%年龄在55岁及以上）通过计算机生成的1:1比例分配被随机分为两组，一组被要求列出身体活动（n = 686）的五种行为和愉悦描述词，另一组被要求列出锻炼（n = 632）的五种行为和愉悦描述词。这些词汇被独立编码两次，判断它们是新词还是与其他词相同（即词干相同或意思相同）。编码者间信度在中等至较高之间变化（一致性 = 50.1%至97.8%；κ = 0.48至0.82）。根据报告这些词汇的人数，并结合人们给它们的排名（1 - 5）进行加权，确定了20个最常见的行为和愉悦感词汇列表。人们描述为身体活动的词汇大多与用于描述锻炼的词汇相同。最常见的行为词汇是“步行”“跑步”“游泳”“骑自行车”和“园艺”；最常见的愉悦描述词是“放松”“快乐”“享受”“令人兴奋”“疲惫”和“良好”。这些刺激集可作为自动评价反应潜伏期测量任务的资源，以及在评价性条件作用任务中增强身体活动自动评价的工具。
