Osman Shaibu Mohammed, Saaka Mahama, Siassi Fereydoun, Qorbani Mostafa, Yavari Parvaneh, Danquah Ina, Sotoudeh Gity
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences-International Campus, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana.
BMJ Open. 2016 Sep 21;6(9):e011498. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011498.
Poor dietary intake during pregnancy can have negative repercussions on the mother and fetus. This study therefore aims to explore the dietary diversity (DD) of pregnant women and its associations with pregnancy outcomes among women in Northern Ghana. The main outcome variables to be measured are gestational weight gain and birth weight.
A prospective cohort study design will be used and 600 pregnant women in their first trimester will be systematically recruited at health facilities and followed until delivery. In three follow-up visits after recruitment, information on sociodemographic and general characteristics, physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form, dietary intake (24-hour food recall), anthropometry and pregnancy outcomes will be collected. DD will be measured three times using the minimum DD-women (MDD-W) indicator and the mean of the three values overall will be used to determine low (<5 food groups) and high (≥5 food groups) DD. Data will be analysed using SPSS. Comparisons between groups (categorical data) will be made using the χ test for proportions, and t-tests and ANOVA will be performed on continuous variables. Regression analysis will be used to identify independent outcome predictors while controlling for possible confounding factors. The results may help to identify differences in DD between healthy and unhealthy pregnancy outcomes.
The study protocol has been approved by the ethics committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences and the ethical review committee of the Tamale Teaching Hospital. Written informed consent will be obtained from all subjects. The results will be published in due course.
孕期饮食摄入不足会对母亲和胎儿产生负面影响。因此，本研究旨在探讨加纳北部孕妇的饮食多样性（DD）及其与妊娠结局的关联。主要测量的结局变量为孕期体重增加和出生体重。
将采用前瞻性队列研究设计，在医疗机构系统招募600名孕早期孕妇，并随访至分娩。在招募后的三次随访中，收集社会人口学和一般特征、身体活动（国际身体活动问卷（IPAQ）简表）、饮食摄入（24小时食物回顾）、人体测量学和妊娠结局等信息。将使用最低饮食多样性女性（MDD-W）指标对饮食多样性进行三次测量，并使用这三个值的总体平均值来确定低（<5个食物组）和高（≥5个食物组）饮食多样性。数据将使用SPSS进行分析。组间比较（分类数据）将使用χ检验进行比例比较，连续变量将进行t检验和方差分析。回归分析将用于识别独立的结局预测因素，同时控制可能的混杂因素。研究结果可能有助于识别健康与不良妊娠结局之间饮食多样性的差异。
本研究方案已获得德黑兰医科大学伦理委员会和塔马利教学医院伦理审查委员会的批准。将从所有受试者处获得书面知情同意书。研究结果将在适当时候发表。
