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急性阑尾炎的临床流行病学特征:638例病例的回顾性分析

Clinical-epidemiological profile of acute appendicitis: retrospective analysis of 638 cases.

作者信息

Lima Amanda Pereira, Vieira Felipe José, Oliveira Gabriela Procópio DE Moraes, Ramos Plínio Dos Santos, Avelino Marielle Elisa, Prado Felipe Garcia, Salomão Gilson, Silva Francisco Campos, Rodrigues João Vicente Linhares

机构信息

- Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health, Juiz de Fora (SUPREME), Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.

- Dr. Mozart Geraldo Teixeira Emergency Hospital, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.

出版信息

Rev Col Bras Cir. 2016 Jul-Aug;43(4):248-53. doi: 10.1590/0100-69912016004009.

DOI:10.1590/0100-69912016004009
PMID:27679944
Abstract

OBJECTIVE

to describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of acute appendicitis (AA) of the patients treated at a referral center in the Juiz de Fora macro-region, Minas Gerais State, Brazil.

METHODS

we conducted a retrospective, observational study in the Dr. Mozart Geraldo TeixeiraEmergency Hospital. We selected 638 patients diagnosed with AA, and analyzed the variables gender, age, evolutionary phase, length of hospital stay, pathological diagnosis, use of antibiotics, use of drains, complications and mortality.

RESULTS

AA was more prevalent in young adults (19-44 years) and males (65.20%). The mean hospital stay was seven days and phase II was the most prevalent. We found the histopathological diagnosis of primary tumor of the appendix in six patients (0.94%), adenocarcinoma being the most common histologic type (66.7%). Regarding the use of antibiotics, 196 patients underwent antibiotic prophylaxis and 306 received antibiotic therapy. Eighty-one patients used some kind of drain, for an average of 4.8 days. Seventeen patients died (2.67%), predominantly males (70.59%), with mean age of 38.47 years.

CONCLUSION

AA has a higher prevalence in males and young adults. The length of stay is directly associated with the evolutionary phase. The most common complication is infection of the surgical site. Mortality in our service is still high when compared with developed centers.

OBJETIVO

avaliar a epidemiologia e os resultados do tratamento cirúrgico de doentes portadores de graus III e IV, mais avançados, da Síndrome de Mirizzi (SM) de acordo com a classificação de Csendes.

MÉTODOS: estudo retrospectivo, de corte transversal através da revisão de prontuários de 13 pacientes portadores de graus III e IV da SM operados de dezembro de 2001 a setembro de 2013, entre 3691 colecistectomias realizadas neste período.

RESULTADOS

a incidência da SM foi 0,6% (23 casos) e os graus III e IV perfizeram 0,35% deste número. Houve um predomínio de tipo IV (12 casos). O diagnóstico pré-operatório foi possível em 53,8% dos casos. A conduta preferencial foi derivação biliodigestiva (10 casos) e foi optado por drenagem com tubo "T" e sutura da via biliar em três ocasiões especiais. Três pacientes apresentaram fístula biliar resolvida com conduta expectante e um caso de coleperitônio necessitou reoperação. No seguimento ambulatorial dos pacientes que realizaram a anastomose biliodigestiva (oito), 50% estão assintomáticos, 25% apresentaram estenose da anastomose e 25% perderam seguimento. O tempo médio de acompanhamento foi 41,8 meses.

CONCLUSÃO: de incidência baixa e de diagnóstico pré-operatório em apenas metade dos casos, a SM em graus avançados tem na anastomose biliodigestiva sua melhor conduta, porém não isenta de morbimortalidade.

摘要

目的

描述在巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州茹伊斯迪福拉大区一家转诊中心接受治疗的急性阑尾炎(AA)患者的临床和流行病学特征。

方法

我们在莫扎特·热拉尔多·特谢拉医生急诊医院开展了一项回顾性观察研究。我们选取了638例诊断为AA的患者,并分析了性别、年龄、病情演变阶段、住院时间、病理诊断、抗生素使用情况、引流管使用情况、并发症和死亡率等变量。

结果

AA在年轻人(19 - 44岁)和男性中更为普遍(65.20%)。平均住院时间为7天,二期是最常见的阶段。我们在6例患者(0.94%)中发现阑尾原发性肿瘤的组织病理学诊断,腺癌是最常见的组织学类型(66.7%)。关于抗生素的使用,196例患者接受了抗生素预防,306例接受了抗生素治疗。81例患者使用了某种引流管,平均使用4.8天。17例患者死亡(2.67%),主要为男性(70.59%),平均年龄38.47岁。

结论

AA在男性和年轻人中患病率较高。住院时间与病情演变阶段直接相关。最常见的并发症是手术部位感染。与发达中心相比,我们机构的死亡率仍然很高。

目的

根据森德斯分类法评估Mirizzi综合征(SM)III级和IV级(更晚期)患者的流行病学及外科治疗结果。

方法

通过回顾2001年12月至2013年9月期间在此期间进行的3691例胆囊切除术的病历,对13例SM III级和IV级患者进行回顾性横断面研究。

结果

SM的发生率为0.6%(23例),III级和IV级占该数字的0.35%。以IV型为主(12例)。53.8%的病例术前能够诊断。首选的治疗方法是胆肠吻合术(10例),在三个特殊情况下选择了“T”管引流和胆管缝合。3例患者出现胆瘘,通过保守治疗治愈,1例胆囊炎患者需要再次手术。在对进行胆肠吻合术的患者(8例)的门诊随访中,50%无症状,25%出现吻合口狭窄,25%失访。平均随访时间为41.8个月。

结论

晚期SM发病率低,术前仅半数病例能够诊断,胆肠吻合术是其最佳治疗方法,但仍有一定的发病率和死亡率。

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