利用YouTube传播针对婴儿的有效疫苗接种疼痛治疗方法。
Using YouTube to Disseminate Effective Vaccination Pain Treatment for Babies.
作者信息
Harrison Denise, Wilding Jodi, Bowman Amanda, Fuller Ann, Nicholls Stuart G, Pound Catherine M, Reszel Jessica, Sampson Margaret
机构信息
Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) and CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2016 Oct 3;11(10):e0164123. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164123. eCollection 2016.
BACKGROUND
Infant vaccinations are necessary for public health, but are painful, causing distress to the infant and caregivers. Breastfeeding and sucrose effectively reduce infants' pain during vaccinations, and these strategies are recommended in health care provider (HCP)-targeted education and vaccination pain guidelines. However studies show these strategies are infrequently used. YouTube is a popular medium to publicly share and watch videos, and many consumer posted YouTube videos show distressed infants being vaccinated with no pain treatment. The aims of this study were to evaluate the reach and impact of a consumer-targeted YouTube video demonstrating use of effective pain reduction strategies during infant vaccinations.
METHODS
A brief consumer-targeted video showing two infants being vaccinated was posted onto YouTube on October 2013. One infant was breastfed and another infant received sucrose by mouth before and during the injection. A link to a viewer survey was visible on a banner near the end of the video. An intensive strategically planned knowledge dissemination strategy using the media, social media and messages to professional organizations took place to promote the video. Data analysis of the viewer survey, YouTube analytics of the reach of the video in terms of number of views, country of viewers, and comments relating to the video took place 12 months after the video was posted.
RESULTS
Twelve months after posting, the video had 65,478views, 68 comments, 245 likes, 17 dislikes, and 90 shares. Average duration of viewer time was 65% of the video. The viewer survey was completed by 156 (0.24%) viewers; 90 (58%) answered as HCPs and 66 (42%) as parents. Survey results showed that the video was persuasive; intent to use or support breastfeeding or sucrose was high in both parents and HCPs after viewing the video. Comments posted were often emotional in nature, and were related to anti-vaccination (n = 26, 38%); effectiveness or positive personal experiences (n = 21, 32%); research team comments or promotion (n = 12, 18%); pro-vaccination (n = 6, 8%) and barriers to using breastfeeding or sucrose during vaccinations (n = 3, 4%).
CONCLUSION
The video posted onto YouTube demonstrating effective pain treatment during infant vaccinations was viewed by large numbers of people around the world, however the response rate to the linked survey was extremely low. Using YouTube videos for knowledge dissemination has an extensive reach, however it is difficult to evaluate impact on behaviours and practices.
背景
婴儿疫苗接种对公共卫生至关重要，但会带来疼痛，给婴儿及其照料者造成困扰。母乳喂养和蔗糖能有效减轻婴儿接种疫苗时的疼痛，这些策略在针对医疗保健提供者（HCP）的教育及疫苗接种疼痛指南中得到推荐。然而，研究表明这些策略很少被采用。YouTube是一个用于公开分享和观看视频的热门平台，许多消费者发布的YouTube视频显示，痛苦的婴儿在接种疫苗时未接受任何减轻疼痛的治疗。本研究的目的是评估一个面向消费者的YouTube视频的传播范围和影响，该视频展示了婴儿接种疫苗期间有效减轻疼痛策略的使用情况。
方法
2013年10月，一个面向消费者的简短视频被发布到YouTube上，视频展示了两名婴儿接种疫苗的过程。一名婴儿在注射前和注射期间进行母乳喂养，另一名婴儿口服蔗糖。视频结尾附近的横幅上有一个观众调查问卷的链接。通过使用媒体、社交媒体以及向专业组织发送信息等精心策划的知识传播策略，对该视频进行了推广。视频发布12个月后，对观众调查问卷进行了数据分析，并对视频的观看次数、观众所在国家以及与视频相关的评论等YouTube分析数据进行了分析。
结果
视频发布12个月后，有65478次观看、68条评论、245个赞、17个踩以及90次分享。观众平均观看时长为视频时长的65%。156名（0.24%）观众完成了观众调查问卷；其中90名（58%）回答者为医疗保健提供者，66名（42%）为家长。调查结果显示，该视频具有说服力；观看视频后，家长和医疗保健提供者使用或支持母乳喂养或蔗糖的意愿都很高。发布的评论大多带有情感色彩，与反对疫苗接种相关（n = 26，38%）；有效性或积极的个人经历相关（n = 21，32%）；研究团队的评论或推广相关（n = 12，18%）；支持疫苗接种相关（n = 6，8%）以及接种疫苗期间使用母乳喂养或蔗糖的障碍相关（n = 3，4%）。
结论
发布在YouTube上展示婴儿接种疫苗期间有效疼痛治疗的视频被全球大量人群观看，然而，与链接调查问卷的回应率极低。利用YouTube视频进行知识传播具有广泛的覆盖面，然而，难以评估其对行为和实践的影响。
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