MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2016 Oct 7;65(39):1082-1085. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6539e2.
Zika virus is an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus that typically causes an asymptomatic infection or mild illness, although infection during pregnancy is a cause of microcephaly and other serious brain abnormalities. Guillain-Barré syndrome and other neurologic complications can occur in adults after Zika virus infection. However, there are few published reports describing postnatally acquired Zika virus disease among children. During January 2015-July 2016, a total of 158 cases of confirmed or probable postnatally acquired Zika virus disease among children aged <18 years were reported to CDC from U.S. states. The median age was 14 years (range = 1 month-17 years), and 88 (56%) were female. Two (1%) patients were hospitalized; none developed Guillain-Barré syndrome, and none died. All reported cases were travel-associated. Overall, 129 (82%) children had rash, 87 (55%) had fever, 45 (29%) had conjunctivitis, and 44 (28%) had arthralgia. Health care providers should consider a diagnosis of Zika virus disease in children who have an epidemiologic risk factor and clinically compatible illness, and should report cases to their state or local health department.
Zika 病毒是一种新出现的蚊媒黄病毒,通常引起无症状感染或轻度疾病,但怀孕期间的感染是小头畸形和其他严重脑异常的原因。 Zika 病毒感染后,成年人可能会出现格林-巴利综合征和其他神经系统并发症。然而,关于儿童获得性 Zika 病毒病的报道很少。2015 年 1 月至 2016 年 7 月,美国各州向疾病预防控制中心报告了 158 例确诊或疑似儿童获得性 Zika 病毒病。中位年龄为 14 岁(范围= 1 个月-17 岁),88 例(56%)为女性。2 例(1%)患者住院;均未发生格林-巴利综合征,也无人死亡。所有报告的病例均与旅行有关。总体而言,129 例(82%)儿童有皮疹,87 例(55%)有发热,45 例(29%)有结膜炎,44 例(28%)有关节痛。如果儿童有流行病学风险因素且临床表现符合疾病,医疗保健提供者应考虑 Zika 病毒病的诊断,并应向其所在州或当地卫生部门报告病例。