Small Area Health Statistics Unit, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Environ Int. 2017 Jan;98:54-61. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.09.023. Epub 2016 Oct 3.
Road traffic noise has been linked to increased risk of stroke, for which hypertension and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) are risk factors. A link between traffic noise and hypertension has been established, but there are few studies on blood pressure and no studies on cIMT.
To examine cross-sectional associations for long-term exposure to night-time noise with cIMT, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and hypertension.
The study population consisted of 2592 adults from the Whitehall II and SABRE cohort studies living within Greater London who had cIMT, SBP and DBP measured. Exposure to night-time road traffic noise (A-weighted dB, referred to as dBA) was estimated at each participant's residential postcode centroid.
Mean night-time road noise levels were 52dBA (SD=4). In the pooled analysis adjusted for cohort, sex, age, ethnicity, marital status, smoking, area-level deprivation and NOx there was a 9.1μm (95% CI: -7.1, 25.2) increase in cIMT in association with 10dBA increase in night-time noise. Analyses by noise categories of 55-60dBA (16.2μm, 95% CI: -8.7, 41.2), and >60dBA (21.2μm, 95% CI: -2.5, 44.9) vs. <55dBA were also positive but non-significant, expect among those not using antihypertensive medication and exposed to >60dBA vs. <55dBA (32.6μm, 95% CI: 6.2, 59.0). Associations for SBP, DPB and hypertension were close to null.
After adjustments, including for air pollution, the association between night-time road traffic noise and cIMT was only observed among non-medication users but associations with blood pressure and hypertension were largely null.
道路交通噪声与中风风险增加有关，而高血压和颈动脉内膜中层厚度（cIMT）是中风的风险因素。已经确定了交通噪声与高血压之间的联系，但关于血压的研究很少，关于 cIMT 的研究则没有。
研究长期夜间噪声暴露与 cIMT、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）和高血压之间的横断面关联。
该研究人群包括居住在大伦敦地区的 Whitehall II 和 SABRE 队列研究中的 2592 名成年人，他们的 cIMT、SBP 和 DBP 均有测量。每个参与者的居住邮政编码中心点的夜间道路交通噪声（加权 A 声级，记为 dBA）被用来估计暴露量。
夜间道路噪声平均水平为 52dBA（标准差=4）。在调整队列、性别、年龄、种族、婚姻状况、吸烟、地区贫困程度和 NOx 等因素的 pooled 分析中，夜间噪声每增加 10dBA，cIMT 增加 9.1μm（95%CI：-7.1，25.2）。夜间噪声分类为 55-60dBA（16.2μm，95%CI：-8.7，41.2）和>60dBA（21.2μm，95%CI：-2.5，44.9）与<55dBA 相比的分析结果也是阳性但不显著，除了未使用降压药物的患者和暴露于>60dBA 与<55dBA 之间的分析结果（32.6μm，95%CI：6.2，59.0）。SBP、DBP 和高血压的相关性几乎为零。
在调整了空气污染等因素后，夜间道路交通噪声与 cIMT 之间的关联仅在未使用药物的患者中观察到，但与血压和高血压的关联则基本为零。
