Kim Young Dae, Jung Yo Han, Saposnik Gustavo
Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Neurology, Changwon Fatima Hospital, Changwon, Korea.
J Stroke. 2016 Sep;18(3):273-285. doi: 10.5853/jos.2016.00885. Epub 2016 Sep 30.
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and morbidity worldwide. The occurrence of stroke is strongly dependent on well-known vascular risk factors. After rapid modernization, urbanization, and mechanization, East Asian countries have experienced growth in their aged populations, as well as changes in lifestyle and diet. This phenomenon has increased the prevalence of vascular risk factors among Asian populations, which are susceptible to developing cardiovascular risk factors. However, differing patterns of stroke risk factor profiles have been noted in East Asian countries over the past decades. Even though the prevalence of vascular risk factors has changed, hypertension is still prevalent and the burden of diabetes and hypercholesterolemia will continue to increase. Asia remains a high tobacco-consuming area. Although indicators of awareness and management of vascular risk factors have increased in many East Asian countries, their rates still remain low. Here we review the burdens of traditional risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and smoking in East Asia. We will also discuss the different associations between these vascular risk factors and stroke in Asian and non-Asian populations.
中风是全球主要的死亡和发病原因之一。中风的发生很大程度上取决于众所周知的血管危险因素。在经历快速现代化、城市化和机械化之后，东亚国家老年人口增加，生活方式和饮食也发生了变化。这种现象增加了亚洲人群中血管危险因素的患病率，而亚洲人群易患心血管危险因素。然而，在过去几十年中，东亚国家中风危险因素分布呈现出不同模式。尽管血管危险因素的患病率有所变化，但高血压仍然普遍存在，糖尿病和高胆固醇血症的负担将继续增加。亚洲仍然是烟草高消费地区。尽管许多东亚国家血管危险因素的知晓率和管理指标有所提高，但这些指标的比率仍然很低。在此，我们综述东亚地区高血压、糖尿病、高胆固醇血症和吸烟等传统危险因素的负担。我们还将讨论这些血管危险因素与亚洲和非亚洲人群中风之间的不同关联。
