Unidad de Conductas Adictivas. Departamento de Psiquiatría y Psicología de la Infancia y la Adolescencia. Hospital Sant Joan de Déu. Barcelona (España). CIBERSAM.
Adicciones. 2016 Oct 7;29(2):125-133. doi: 10.20882/adicciones.890.
Demand for treatment for problems related to the use of video games have increased significantly in adolescents. Most cases have a comorbid mental disorder that jeopardises both pathologies. The aim of this study is to describe profiles of adolescents with Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) according to comorbidity and analyze treatment response at 3 and 6 months. A sample of 86 patients which consulted in the Addictive Behavior Unit of a hospital was assessed with diagnostic criteria for IGD, the interview K-SADS-PL for mental disorders and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) to treatment progress. Of the initial sample, 68,6% (n = 59) met diagnostic criteria for IGD. Of these, the 45,76% matched an internalizing profile, presenting comorbidity with Mood Disorders (44,4%), Anxiety Disorders (44,4%) and Personality Disorders (11,1%). The externalizing profile would comprise 52,54% of the sample presenting Disruptive Behavior Disorder (48,4%=, ADHD (29%) and Disruptive Behavior Disorders not otherwise specified (22,6%). Unlike externalizing, the internalizing patients had a family history of psychiatric problems (63%), difficulties in social relationships (77,8%) and seemed to use video games preferably to escape discomfort (66,7%). After 3 months the externalizing profile showed improvements. Comorbid disorders allow the discrimination of two IGD profiles in adolescents and these could influence treatment response. Therefore, it is important to assess comorbidities to design a more accurate intervention focused on the specificities of each profile.
青少年因与视频游戏使用相关的问题而寻求治疗的需求显著增加。大多数病例都伴有精神障碍，这两种疾病都会受到影响。本研究的目的是根据合并症描述具有互联网游戏障碍（IGD）的青少年的特征，并分析 3 个月和 6 个月时的治疗反应。对在医院成瘾行为科就诊的 86 名患者进行了评估，使用 IGD 的诊断标准、精神障碍访谈 K-SADS-PL 和治疗进展的临床总体印象（CGI）。在最初的样本中，68.6%（n=59）符合 IGD 的诊断标准。在这些患者中，45.76%符合内化特征，伴有心境障碍（44.4%）、焦虑障碍（44.4%）和人格障碍（11.1%）共病。外化特征将包括 52.54%的样本，表现为破坏性行为障碍（48.4%）、注意力缺陷多动障碍（29%）和未特定的破坏性行为障碍（22.6%）。与外化特征不同，内化特征的患者有精神科问题的家族史（63%）、社会关系困难（77.8%），并且似乎更喜欢用视频游戏来逃避不适（66.7%）。3 个月后，外化特征显示出改善。合并症可以区分青少年的两种 IGD 特征，这些特征可能会影响治疗反应。因此，评估合并症以设计更准确的干预措施，针对每个特征的特殊性，这一点很重要。
