Dourado Priscila Leocádia Rosa, Rocha Monyque Palagano da, Roveda Liriana Mara, Raposo Jorge Luiz, Cândido Liliam Sílvia, Cardoso Claudia Andréa Lima, Morales Maria Aparecida Marin, Oliveira Kelly Mari Pires de, Grisolia Alexeia Barufatti
Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil.
Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Ambientais, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil.
Genet Mol Biol. 2017 Jan-Mar;40(1):123-133. doi: 10.1590/1678-4685-GMB-2015-0223. Epub 2016 Oct 31.
This study aimed to evaluate DNA damage in animal and plant cells exposed to water from the Água Boa stream (Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil) by using bioassays, and to identify the chemical compounds in the water to determine the water quality in the area. Through the cytotoxicity bioassay with Allium cepa, using micronucleus test, and comet assay, using Astyanax altiparanae fish, the results indicated that biological samples were genetically altered. Micronuclei were observed in erythrocytes of A. altiparanae after exposure to water from locations close to industrial waste discharge. The highest DNA damage observed with the comet assay in fish occurred with the exposure to water from locations where the presence of metals (Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni) was high, indicating the possibility of genotoxic effects of these compounds. Thus, these results reinforce the importance of conducting genotoxicity tests for developing management plans to improve water quality, and indicate the need for waste management before domestic and industrial effluents are released into the rivers and streams.
本研究旨在通过生物测定评估暴露于阿瓜博阿溪流（巴西南马托格罗索州多拉杜斯）水体中的动植物细胞的DNA损伤，并鉴定水中的化合物以确定该地区的水质。通过使用洋葱根尖微核试验进行细胞毒性生物测定，以及使用阿氏双线脂鲤进行彗星试验，结果表明生物样品发生了基因改变。在暴露于靠近工业废水排放地点的水体后，在阿氏双线脂鲤的红细胞中观察到了微核。在鱼类彗星试验中观察到的最高DNA损伤发生在暴露于金属（铜、铅、镉、镍）含量高的地点的水体时，这表明这些化合物可能具有遗传毒性作用。因此，这些结果强化了进行遗传毒性测试对于制定改善水质管理计划的重要性，并表明在生活污水和工业废水排入河流和溪流之前需要进行废物管理。
