Olamoyegun Michael Adeyemi, Oluyombo Rotimi, Asaolu Stephen Olabode
Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Unit, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, and College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Federal Medical Centre, Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria.
Ann Afr Med. 2016 Oct-Dec;15(4):194-199. doi: 10.4103/1596-3519.194280.
The increasing frequency of cardiovascular disease (CVD) rests on the presence of major cardiovascular risk factors including dyslipidemia. This dyslipidemia is also a target for the prevention and treatment of many cardiovascular diseases. Hence, identification of individuals at risk of CVD is needed for early identification and prevention. The study was carried out to evaluate dyslipidemia using the lipid ratios and indices instead of just the conventional lipid profile.
It was a cross-sectional study with 699 participants recruited from semi-urban communities in Nigeria. Anthropometric indices, blood pressure, and fasting lipid profiles were determined. Abnormalities in lipid indices and lipid ratios with atherogenic index were also determined. SPSS software version 17.0 were used for analysis, P< 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
There were 699 participants with a mean age of 64.45 ± 15.53 years. Elevated total cholesterol, high low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, elevated triglyceride, and low high-density lipoprotein were seen in 5.3%, 19.3%, 4.4%, and 76.3% of the participants, respectively. The Castelli's risk index-I (CRI-I) predicted the highest prevalence of predisposition to cardiovascular risk (47.8%) with females being at significantly higher risk (55.2% vs. 29.3%, P< 0.001). Atherogenic coefficient, CRI-II, CHOLIndex, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) predicted a cardiovascular risk prevalence of 22.5%, 15.9%, 11.2%, and 11.0%, respectively, with no significant difference in between the sexes.
Serum lipid ratios and AIP may be used in addition to lipid parameters in clinical practice to assess cardiovascular risks even when lipid profiles are apparently normal. AIP was more gender specific amidst the lipid ratios.
心血管疾病（CVD）发病率的不断上升归因于包括血脂异常在内的主要心血管危险因素的存在。这种血脂异常也是许多心血管疾病预防和治疗的目标。因此，需要识别有心血管疾病风险的个体以便早期发现和预防。本研究旨在使用血脂比值和指数而非仅传统血脂谱来评估血脂异常。
这是一项横断面研究，从尼日利亚半城市社区招募了699名参与者。测定了人体测量指标、血压和空腹血脂谱。还测定了血脂指数和具有致动脉粥样硬化指数的血脂比值异常情况。使用SPSS软件版本17.0进行分析，P < 0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
共有699名参与者，平均年龄为64.45±15.53岁。分别有5.3%、19.3%、4.4%和76.3%的参与者出现总胆固醇升高、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高、甘油三酯升高和高密度脂蛋白降低。卡斯泰利风险指数-I（CRI-I）预测心血管风险易感性的患病率最高（47.8%），女性风险显著更高（55.2%对29.3%，P < 0.001）。致动脉粥样硬化系数、CRI-II、CHOLIndex、血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数（AIP）预测的心血管风险患病率分别为22.5%、15.9%、11.2%和11.0%，两性之间无显著差异。
在临床实践中，即使血脂谱明显正常，除血脂参数外，血清血脂比值和AIP也可用于评估心血管风险。在血脂比值中，AIP更具性别特异性。
