马哈拉施特拉邦沿海卡特卡里部落中高血压和糖尿病的患病率及危险因素
Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension and diabetes in the Katkari tribe of coastal Maharashtra.
作者信息
Deo M G, Pawar P V, Kanetkar S R, Kakade S V
机构信息
Research Laboratory, Moving Academy of Medicine and Biomedicine, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Department of Pathology (KSR) and Biostatistics (KSV), Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, Maharashtra, India.
出版信息
J Postgrad Med. 2017 Apr-Jun;63(2):106-113. doi: 10.4103/0022-3859.194204.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Urban and rural India are both going through health epidemiological transition and will soon face huge burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Information on the status of NCDs in tribals is limited. Although the prevalence of hypertension in scheduled tribes (STs) has been studied in several states by the National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau, tribe-specific data are very scanty. The objective of this study was to generate data on the status of hypertension and diabetes, the two objectively measurable NCDs in Katkaris, the dominant ST in the Raigad district of coastal Maharashtra.
METHODS
The study was conducted in 410 adult Katkaris (women 219) of both sexes of ≥18 years of age in three adjoining tehsils of the district. Using the Institution Review Board approved protocol; information was obtained on sociodemographic parameters, educational level, dietary pattern, and substance abuse. Prevalence of overweight, hypertension, and diabetes was measured using standard field-based procedures and techniques.
RESULTS
Katkaris, who are mostly landless manual laborers, subsist on a protein-poor, imbalanced diet. About half of women and one-third of men have body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m2, an indication of undernutrition. On the other hand, about 2% of participants were obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). The overall prevalence of hypertension and diabetes was 16.8% and 7.3%, respectively. Hypercholesterolemia was recorded in about 3% of the participants.
INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS
Prevalence of diabetes and hypertension in Katkaris is still lower than that of urban and rural populations, closer to the latter. This may be due to the absence of known risk factors such as obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and hyperlipidemia in this community. Fast acculturation of the STs suggests that NCDs will soon become a major health issue in them too. It is time to launch a multicentric national study to gather baseline information on the status of NCDs in STs.
背景与目的
印度城乡都在经历健康流行病学转变，很快将面临非传染性疾病（NCDs）的巨大负担。关于部落人群非传染性疾病状况的信息有限。尽管国家营养监测局已在几个邦对在册部落（STs）的高血压患病率进行了研究，但特定部落的数据非常匮乏。本研究的目的是获取有关卡特卡里人（Katkaris）高血压和糖尿病状况的数据，这是马哈拉施特拉邦沿海赖加德区占主导地位的在册部落中两种可客观测量的非传染性疾病。
方法
该研究在该地区三个相邻的 tahsils 对 410 名年龄≥18 岁的成年卡特卡里人（女性 219 名）进行。使用经机构审查委员会批准的方案；获取了社会人口学参数、教育水平、饮食模式和药物滥用方面的信息。超重、高血压和糖尿病的患病率采用基于标准现场的程序和技术进行测量。
结果
卡特卡里人大多是无地体力劳动者，以蛋白质含量低、不均衡的饮食为生。约一半的女性和三分之一的男性体重指数（BMI）<18.5 kg/m²，表明存在营养不良。另一方面，约 2%的参与者肥胖（BMI≥30 kg/m²）。高血压和糖尿病的总体患病率分别为 16.8%和 7.3%。约 3%的参与者有高胆固醇血症。
解读与结论
卡特卡里人糖尿病和高血压的患病率仍低于城乡人口，但更接近后者。这可能是由于该社区不存在肥胖、久坐不动的生活方式和高脂血症等已知风险因素。在册部落的快速文化适应表明，非传染性疾病很快也将成为他们的一个主要健康问题。现在是时候开展一项多中心的全国性研究，以收集有关在册部落非传染性疾病状况的基线信息了。
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