食用坚果与2型糖尿病发病率较低相关：德黑兰脂质与葡萄糖研究。

Nut consumption is associated with lower incidence of type 2 diabetes: The Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.

作者信息

Asghari G, Ghorbani Z, Mirmiran P, Azizi F

机构信息

Nutrition and Endocrine Research Centre, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Teheran, I.R., Iran.

Nutrition and Endocrine Research Centre, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Teheran, I.R., Iran; School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Teheran, I.R., Iran.

出版信息

Diabetes Metab. 2017 Feb;43(1):18-24. doi: 10.1016/j.diabet.2016.09.008. Epub 2016 Nov 16.

DOI:10.1016/j.diabet.2016.09.008

PMID:27865656

Abstract

AIM

Nuts are rich in unsaturated fatty acids as well as other bioactive constituents. The present study investigated the association between nut consumption and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a Middle Eastern population.

METHODS

The study was conducted within the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS), in which 1984 participants (920 men and 1064 women) free of DM, aged≥20 years, were followed from phase III (2005-2008) to phase V (2011-2014). Dietary data were obtained from valid and reliable food-frequency questionnaires at baseline. Using multiple logistic regression, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, with adjustments for age, gender, BMI, serum cholesterol and triglycerides, smoking and energy intake.

RESULTS

Study participants' means±SD of age and of BMI were 40.1±13.1 years and 27.0±4.8kg/m, respectively. The median±SE of their total daily consumption of nuts was 1.19±0.11 servings. After 6.2±0.7 years of follow-up, 150 cases of T2DM were confirmed. On comparing those who consumed ≥4 servings/week with those who consumed <1 serving/week, the age-/energy-adjusted OR of incident T2DM for total nut consumption was 0.64 (95% CI: 0.36-1.12; P for trend = 0.03). In a fully adjusted model, nut consumption was associated with a lower risk of T2DM, and the ORs (95% CIs) of risk for those consuming 2-3.99 and ≥4 servings/week of nuts were 0.51 (0.26-0.97) and 0.47 (0.25-0.90), respectively, compared with those consuming <1 serving/week (P<0.001 for trend).

CONCLUSION

Our findings suggest that consuming ≥4 servings/week of nuts reduced the risk of T2DM compared with <1 serving/week.

摘要

目的

坚果富含不饱和脂肪酸以及其他生物活性成分。本研究调查了中东人群中食用坚果与2型糖尿病（T2DM）发病率之间的关联。

方法

该研究在德黑兰脂质与葡萄糖研究（TLGS）的框架内进行，在该研究中，1984名年龄≥20岁且无糖尿病的参与者（920名男性和1064名女性）从第三阶段（2005 - 2008年）随访至第五阶段（2011 - 2014年）。膳食数据通过基线时有效且可靠的食物频率问卷获得。使用多元逻辑回归计算比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI），并对年龄、性别、体重指数、血清胆固醇和甘油三酯、吸烟和能量摄入进行调整。

结果

研究参与者的年龄均值±标准差和体重指数分别为40.1±13.1岁和27.0±4.8kg/m²。他们每日坚果总摄入量的中位数±标准误为1.19±0.11份。经过6.2±0.7年的随访，确诊了150例T2DM病例。将每周食用≥4份坚果的人群与每周食用<1份坚果的人群进行比较，坚果总摄入量导致T2DM发病的年龄/能量调整后的OR为0.64（95%CI：0.36 - 1.12；趋势P值 = 0.03）。在一个完全调整的模型中，食用坚果与较低的T2DM风险相关，与每周食用<1份坚果的人群相比，每周食用2 - 3.99份和≥4份坚果人群的风险OR（95%CI）分别为0.51（0.26 - 0.97）和0.47（0.25 - 0.90）（趋势P<0.001）。