Defoe Ivy N, Semon Dubas Judith, Somerville Leah H, Lugtig Peter, van Aken Marcel A G
Department of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Utrecht University.
Affective Neuroscience and Development Lab, Harvard University.
Dev Psychol. 2016 Dec;52(12):2044-2056. doi: 10.1037/dev0000198.
Adolescence is a vulnerable period for the initiation and peak of many harmful risk-taking behaviors such as smoking, which is among the most addictive and deadliest behaviors. Generic metatheories like the theory of triadic influence (TTI) suggest that interrelated risk factors across multiple domains (i.e., intrapersonal and social/environmental) jointly contribute to adolescent smoking behavior. Yet, studies are lacking that investigate risk factors across different domains in the same study, which obscures whether each makes a unique contribution to the increase in smoking throughout adolescence or whether there is overlap across the domains. Hence, to fill this gap using a latent growth approach, the current accelerated longitudinal study investigated the collective contribution of multiple intrapersonal and social risk factors in the development of smoking behavior from ages 12 to 17 in 574 ethnically diverse Dutch adolescents. Results from the latent growth model showed that whereas the contribution of motivational-intrapersonal factors like sensation-seeking was no longer significant in the stringent multivariate model, higher levels of impulsivity (cognitive-intrapersonal) and overt peer pressure (social) at age 12 proved to be robust and unique predictors of linear increases in adolescent smoking up until age 17. Consistent with the TTI, adolescent smoking progression does not occur in isolation and the determinants are wide-ranging as they stem from both intrapersonal and social domains. Thus focusing on such confluence of intrapersonal and social risk factors via prevention programs from as young as age 12 might halt the deadly increase in smoking behavior throughout adolescence. (PsycINFO Database Record
青春期是许多有害冒险行为开始及达到高峰的脆弱时期，比如吸烟，而吸烟是最容易上瘾且最致命的行为之一。像三元影响理论（TTI）这样的通用元理论表明，多个领域（即个人内部和社会/环境）中相互关联的风险因素共同导致青少年吸烟行为。然而，缺乏在同一研究中调查不同领域风险因素的研究，这使得我们不清楚每个因素是否对整个青春期吸烟行为的增加有独特贡献，或者不同领域之间是否存在重叠。因此，为了用潜在增长方法填补这一空白，当前的加速纵向研究调查了574名不同种族的荷兰青少年在12至17岁吸烟行为发展过程中多种个人内部和社会风险因素的共同作用。潜在增长模型的结果表明，虽然在严格的多变量模型中，像寻求刺激这样的动机性个人内部因素的贡献不再显著，但12岁时较高水平的冲动性（认知性个人内部因素）和公开的同伴压力（社会因素）被证明是17岁之前青少年吸烟行为线性增加的有力且独特的预测因素。与三元影响理论一致，青少年吸烟行为的发展并非孤立发生，其决定因素范围广泛，因为它们既源于个人内部领域，也源于社会领域。因此，从12岁起就通过预防项目关注个人内部和社会风险因素的这种融合，可能会阻止整个青春期吸烟行为致命性的增加。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
