Gómez-Restrepo Carlos, Ramirez Sandra, Tamayo Martínez Nathalie, Rodriguez Maria Nelcy, Rodríguez Andrea, Rengifo Henrey
Departamento de Epidemiología Clínica y Bioestadística, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Departamento de Clínicas Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Cali, Colombia.
Rev Colomb Psiquiatr. 2016 Dec;45 Suppl 1:135-140. doi: 10.1016/j.rcp.2016.08.005. Epub 2016 Sep 28.
The prevalence of chronic conditions is increasing globally and this phenomenon covers pediatric populations. There is a relationship between chronic conditions and mental health problems, which has been insufficiently studied in the case of children.
To measure the frequency of problems and mental disorders in the Colombian population between 7 and 11 years, depending on the presence or absence of chronic conditions.
The information pertains to the National Survey of Mental Health of Colombia 2015, an observational cross-sectional nationally representative for the group between 7 and 11 years old. Mental problems where measure with the Reporting Questionnaire for Children (RQC), the 12 month prevalence of seven mental disorders were assessed using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version parents (DISC-P) and a list of chronic conditions. Univariate and stratification analysis of the data were performed.
41.6% of the children with no chronic conditions, 56.7% of the children with 1 chronic condition and 70.8% in those with 2 or more have at least one RQC symptom; the highest prevalence of mental health symptoms are those with chronic inflammatory lung disease, followed by diabetes mellitus and allergies. The prevalence of one or more mental disorders in children without chronic conditions is 3.1% while those with at least 1 is 13.8%.
A higher prevalence of mental disorders in children and its association with chronic conditions justifies further studies that address this issue and develop strategies with multidisciplinary interventions.
慢性病在全球范围内的患病率正在上升，这一现象涵盖了儿童群体。慢性病与心理健康问题之间存在关联，而在儿童群体中对此的研究尚不充分。
根据是否患有慢性病，测量哥伦比亚7至11岁人群中问题和精神障碍的发生率。
数据来自2015年哥伦比亚全国心理健康调查，这是一项针对7至11岁人群的具有全国代表性的观察性横断面研究。使用儿童报告问卷（RQC）测量心理问题，通过儿童诊断访谈表父母版（DISC-P）和一份慢性病清单评估七种精神障碍的12个月患病率。对数据进行单变量和分层分析。
无慢性病的儿童中，41.6%至少有一项RQC症状；患有一种慢性病的儿童中，这一比例为56.7%；患有两种或更多慢性病的儿童中，这一比例为70.8%。心理健康症状患病率最高的是患有慢性炎症性肺病的儿童，其次是糖尿病和过敏儿童。无慢性病儿童中一种或多种精神障碍的患病率为3.1%，而至少患有一种慢性病的儿童中这一患病率为13.8%。
儿童精神障碍的较高患病率及其与慢性病的关联，证明有必要进一步开展研究以解决这一问题，并制定多学科干预策略。
