Laboratory of Comparative Ethology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Poolesville, MD, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA.
Dev Sci. 2018 Mar;21(2). doi: 10.1111/desc.12519. Epub 2016 Dec 29.
Both human and nonhuman primate adults use infant-directed facial and vocal expressions across many contexts when interacting with infants (e.g., feeding, playing). This infant-oriented style of communication, known as infant-directed speech (IDS), seems to benefit human infants in numerous ways, including facilitating language acquisition. Given the variety of contexts in which adults use IDS, we hypothesized that IDS supports learning beyond the linguistic domain and that these benefits may extend to nonhuman primates. We exposed 2.5-month-old rhesus macaque infants (N = 15) to IDS, adult-directed speech (ADS), and a non-social control (CTR) during a video presentation of unrelated stimuli. After a 5- or 60-minute delay, infants were shown the familiar video side-by-side with a novel video. Infants exhibited a novelty preference after the 5-minute delay, but not after the 60-minute delay, in the ADS and CTR conditions, and a novelty preference in the IDS condition only after the 60-minute delay. These results are the first to suggest that exposure to IDS affects infants' long-term memory, even in non-linguistic animals.
成人在与婴儿互动的许多情境中（例如喂食、玩耍）都会使用面向婴儿的面部表情和声音，包括人类和非人类灵长类动物。这种以婴儿为导向的交流方式被称为婴儿导向语音（infant-directed speech，IDS），它似乎以多种方式使人类婴儿受益，包括促进语言习得。鉴于成人在各种情境中使用 IDS，我们假设 IDS 支持超越语言领域的学习，并且这些益处可能扩展到非人类灵长类动物。我们在无关刺激的视频呈现过程中，向 2.5 个月大的恒河猴婴儿（N=15）展示了 IDS、成人导向语音（adult-directed speech，ADS）和非社交控制（CTR）。在 5 或 60 分钟的延迟后，婴儿在与新视频并排的熟悉视频上展示了新颖偏好。在 ADS 和 CTR 条件下，婴儿在 5 分钟的延迟后表现出新颖偏好，但在 60 分钟的延迟后没有表现出新颖偏好，而在 IDS 条件下仅在 60 分钟的延迟后表现出新颖偏好。这些结果是第一个表明接触 IDS 会影响婴儿的长期记忆的结果，即使在非语言动物中也是如此。
