Badham Matthew D, Rossman Jeremy S
School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, UK.
Curr Clin Microbiol Rep. 2016 Sep;3(3):155-161. doi: 10.1007/s40588-016-0041-7. Epub 2016 Jul 2.
Influenza A virus is a pathogen of global medical importance causing significant health and socio-economic costs every year. Influenza virus is an unusual pathogen in that it is pleomorphic, capable of forming virions ranging in shape from spherical to filamentous. Despite decades of research on the influenza virus, much remains unknown about the formation of filamentous influenza viruses and their role in the viral replication cycle. Here, we discuss what is known about influenza virus assembly and budding, focusing on the viral and host factors that are involved in the determination of viral morphology. Whilst the biological function of the filamentous morphology remains unknown, recent results suggest a role in facilitating viral spread in vivo. We discuss these results and speculate on the consequences of viral morphology during influenza virus infection of the human respiratory tract.
甲型流感病毒是一种具有全球医学重要性的病原体，每年都会造成巨大的健康和社会经济成本。流感病毒是一种特殊的病原体，它具有多形性，能够形成从球形到丝状等不同形状的病毒粒子。尽管对流感病毒进行了数十年的研究，但关于丝状流感病毒的形成及其在病毒复制周期中的作用仍有许多未知之处。在这里，我们讨论关于流感病毒组装和出芽的已知情况，重点关注参与确定病毒形态的病毒和宿主因素。虽然丝状形态的生物学功能尚不清楚，但最近的结果表明它在促进病毒在体内传播方面发挥作用。我们讨论这些结果，并推测流感病毒感染人类呼吸道期间病毒形态的后果。
