Day Rachael, Eddleston Michael, Thomas Simon H L, Thompson John P, Vale J Allister
a NPIS (Birmingham Unit) , City Hospital , Birmingham , UK.
b NPIS (Edinburgh Unit) , Royal Infirmary , Edinburgh , UK.
Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2017 Mar;55(3):213-216. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2016.1267359. Epub 2017 Jan 6.
Although the majority of those exposed to liquid laundry detergent capsules remain asymptomatic or suffer only minor clinical features after exposure, a small proportion develop central nervous system depression, stridor, pulmonary aspiration and/or airway burns following ingestion or conjunctivitis and corneal ulceration following eye exposure. As a consequence, the International Association for Soaps, Detergents and Maintenance Products (AISE) established a Product Stewardship Programme in Europe, requiring that safety measures be implemented to reduce the visibility of, and restrict access to, these detergent capsules by small children. Implementation occurred in the United Kingdom over several months during the first half of 2013.
This study investigated whether the AISE Programme had an impact on the number and severity of exposures reported to the United Kingdom National Poisons Information Service.
Telephone enquiries to the National Poisons Information Service relating to liquid laundry detergent capsules were analysed for the period January 2008 to December 2015.
While there was a significant difference (p = 0.0002) between the mean number of annual exposures (469.4) reported between 2008 and 2012 and the mean number reported between 2014 and 2015 (403.5), the number of exposures was decreasing steadily prior to implementation of the Programme in 2013, which did not impact this fall from 2013 onwards. In addition, the number of exposures per million units sold was not impacted by the Programme. There was no significant difference (p = 0.68) between the mean number of exposures (11.8) with PSS ≥2 reported between 2008 and 2012 and the mean number (13.0) reported between 2014 and 2015. Although there was a 28.7% decrease between 2010-2012 and 2014-2015 in the number of exposures with PSS ≥2 per million units sold, this decrease was not statistically significant (p = 0.18).
There is no evidence that the Product Stewardship Programme had a beneficial impact on the number of exposures reported to the National Poisons Information Service or their severity.
尽管大多数接触液体洗衣凝珠的人在接触后无症状或仅出现轻微临床症状，但一小部分人在摄入后会出现中枢神经系统抑制、喘鸣、肺吸入和/或气道烧伤，或在眼部接触后出现结膜炎和角膜溃疡。因此，国际肥皂、洗涤剂和维护产品协会（AISE）在欧洲制定了一项产品监管计划，要求实施安全措施，以降低幼儿接触这些洗涤剂凝珠的可能性并限制其获取途径。2013年上半年，英国在数月内实施了该计划。
本研究调查了AISE计划是否对向英国国家毒物信息服务中心报告的接触事件的数量和严重程度产生影响。
对2008年1月至2015年12月期间向国家毒物信息服务中心进行的有关液体洗衣凝珠的电话咨询进行分析。
2008年至2012年报告的年平均接触次数（469.4次）与2014年至2015年报告的年平均接触次数（403.5次）之间存在显著差异（p = 0.0002），但在2013年该计划实施之前，接触次数一直在稳步下降，该计划并未影响2013年以后的这种下降趋势。此外，每百万单位销售量的接触次数并未受到该计划的影响。2008年至2012年报告的PSS≥2的平均接触次数（11.8次）与2014年至2015年报告的平均接触次数（13.0次）之间无显著差异（p = 0.68）。尽管2010 - 2012年至2014 - 2015年期间每百万单位销售量中PSS≥2的接触次数下降了28.7%，但这种下降在统计学上并不显著（p = 0.18）。
没有证据表明产品监管计划对向国家毒物信息服务中心报告的接触事件的数量或严重程度产生了有益影响。
