Peterson Lisa A, Hecht Stephen S
Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Curr Opin Pediatr. 2017 Apr;29(2):225-230. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000000456.
The availability of the Children's Health Exposure Assessment Resource funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences provides new opportunities for exploring the role of tobacco smoke exposure in causing harm to children.
Children of smokers are exposed to nicotine and other harmful tobacco smoke chemicals in utero as well as in their environment. This passive exposure to tobacco smoke has a variety of negative effects on children. In-utero exposure to tobacco smoke causes poor birth outcomes and influences lung, cardiovascular, and brain development, placing children at increased risk of a number of adverse health outcomes later in life, such as obesity, behavioral problems, and cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, most smokers start in their adolescence, an age of increased nicotine addiction risk. Biomarkers of tobacco exposure helps clarify the role tobacco chemicals play in influencing health both in childhood and beyond. Although electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) appear to be a nicotine delivery device of reduced harm, it appears to be a gateway to the use of combustible cigarette smoking in adolescents.
Pediatric researchers interested in elucidating the role of tobacco smoke exposure in adverse outcomes in children should incorporate biomarkers of tobacco exposure in their studies.
由美国国立环境卫生科学研究所资助的儿童健康暴露评估资源，为探索烟草烟雾暴露对儿童造成伤害的作用提供了新机遇。
吸烟者的子女在子宫内以及其生活环境中都会接触到尼古丁和烟草烟雾中的其他有害化学物质。这种被动接触烟草烟雾会对儿童产生多种负面影响。子宫内接触烟草烟雾会导致不良出生结局，并影响肺部、心血管和大脑发育，使儿童在日后生活中面临多种不良健康结局的风险增加，如肥胖、行为问题和心血管疾病。此外，大多数吸烟者始于青少年时期，这一年龄段尼古丁成瘾风险增加。烟草暴露生物标志物有助于阐明烟草化学物质在影响儿童期及之后健康方面所起的作用。尽管电子烟似乎是一种危害较小的尼古丁输送装置，但它似乎是青少年使用可燃香烟的一个入口。
对阐明烟草烟雾暴露在儿童不良结局中作用感兴趣的儿科研究人员，应在其研究中纳入烟草暴露生物标志物。
