Lin Jingmei, Chuang Chia-Chen, Zuo Li
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
Oncotarget. 2017 Mar 7;8(10):17328-17346. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.14461.
As one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide, colorectal adenocarcinoma often occurs sporadically in individuals aged 50 or above and there is an increase among younger patients under 50. Routine screenings are recommended for this age group to improve early detection. The multifactorial etiology of colorectal cancer consists of both genetic and epigenetic factors. Recently, studies have shown that the development and progression of colorectal cancer can be attributed to aberrant expression of microRNA. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) that play a key role in cancer cell survival, can also lead to carcinogenesis and cancer exacerbations. Given the rapid accumulating knowledge in the field, an updated review regarding microRNA and ROS in colorectal cancer is necessary. An extensive literature search has been conducted in PubMed/Medline databases to review the roles of microRNAs and ROS in colorectal cancer. Unique microRNA expression in tumor tissue, peripheral blood, and fecal samples from patients with colorectal cancer is outlined. Therapeutic approaches focusing on microRNA and ROS in colorectal cancer treatment is also delineated. This review aims to summarize the newest knowledge on the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer in the hopes of discovering novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic techniques.
作为全球最常见的诊断癌症之一，结直肠癌通常散发性地发生在50岁及以上的人群中，并且在50岁以下的年轻患者中有增加的趋势。建议对该年龄组进行常规筛查以提高早期检测率。结直肠癌的多因素病因包括遗传和表观遗传因素。最近，研究表明结直肠癌的发生和发展可归因于微小RNA的异常表达。在癌细胞存活中起关键作用的活性氧（ROS）也可导致致癌作用和癌症恶化。鉴于该领域知识的迅速积累，有必要对结直肠癌中的微小RNA和ROS进行更新综述。我们在PubMed/Medline数据库中进行了广泛的文献检索，以综述微小RNA和ROS在结直肠癌中的作用。概述了结直肠癌患者肿瘤组织、外周血和粪便样本中独特的微小RNA表达。还描述了针对结直肠癌治疗中微小RNA和ROS的治疗方法。本综述旨在总结结直肠癌发病机制的最新知识，以期发现新的诊断生物标志物和治疗技术。
