Li Chunkai, Wang Song, Zhao Yajun, Kong Feng, Li Jingguang
School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University Shanghai, China.
Department of Radiology, Huaxi Magnetic Resonance Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu, China.
Front Psychol. 2017 Jan 4;7:2027. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.02027. eCollection 2016.
A small amount of research has examined the association between the belief in free will and subjective well-being (SWB) among Western laypersons from individualist cultures. However, no study has examined this association among participants from collectivist cultures (e.g., Eastern Asian cultures). Therefore, in this study, we explored this association among two large, independent cohorts of Chinese adolescents ( = 1,660; = 639; high school students). The belief in free will was measured by a self-reported questionnaire (Cohorts 1 and 2) and a two-alternative forced choice question regarding the existence of free will (Cohort 2). SWB included cognitive well-being (life satisfaction) and affective well-being (positive and negative affect) in both cohorts. Data analyses indicated that a stronger belief in free will was consistently associated with higher life satisfaction and positive affect in both cohorts. Our investigation provides evidence supporting the cultural generality of the positive effects of believing in free will on SWB.
少量研究考察了来自个人主义文化的西方外行人士中自由意志信念与主观幸福感（SWB）之间的关联。然而，尚无研究考察集体主义文化（如东亚文化）参与者中的这种关联。因此，在本研究中，我们在两个独立的中国青少年大样本队列（样本1 = 1660；样本2 = 639；高中生）中探究了这种关联。自由意志信念通过一份自我报告问卷（样本1和样本2）以及一个关于自由意志存在的二选一强制选择问题（样本2）来衡量。在两个队列中，主观幸福感均包括认知幸福感（生活满意度）和情感幸福感（积极和消极情绪）。数据分析表明，在两个队列中，更强的自由意志信念始终与更高的生活满意度和积极情绪相关。我们的调查提供了证据，支持相信自由意志对主观幸福感产生积极影响具有文化普遍性。
