Tinaz Sule, Lauro Peter M, Ghosh Pritha, Lungu Codrin, Horovitz Silvina G
Division of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Neuroimage Clin. 2016 Dec 19;13:395-404. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2016.12.019. eCollection 2017.
Parkinson's disease (PD) leads to dysfunction in multiple cortico-striatal circuits. The neurodegeneration has also been associated with impaired white matter integrity. This structural and functional "disconnection" in PD needs further characterization. We investigated the structural and functional organization of the PD whole brain connectome consisting of 200 nodes using diffusion tensor imaging and resting-state functional MRI, respectively. Data from 20 non-demented PD patients on dopaminergic medication and 20 matched controls were analyzed using graph theory-based methods. We focused on node strength, clustering coefficient, and local efficiency as measures of local network properties; and network modularity as a measure of information flow. PD patients showed reduced white matter connectivity in frontoparietal-striatal nodes compared to controls, but no change in modular organization of the white matter tracts. PD group also showed reduction in functional local network metrics in many nodes distributed across the connectome. There was also decreased functional modularity in the core cognitive networks including the default mode and dorsal attention networks, and sensorimotor network, as well as a lack of modular distinction in the orbitofrontal and basal ganglia nodes in the PD group compared to controls. Our results suggest that despite subtle white matter connectivity changes, the overall structural organization of the PD connectome remains robust at relatively early disease stages. However, there is a breakdown in the functional modular organization of the PD connectome.
帕金森病（PD）会导致多个皮质 - 纹状体回路功能障碍。神经退行性变也与白质完整性受损有关。PD 中的这种结构和功能“脱节”需要进一步表征。我们分别使用扩散张量成像和静息态功能磁共振成像研究了由 200 个节点组成的 PD 全脑连接组的结构和功能组织。使用基于图论的方法分析了 20 名服用多巴胺能药物的非痴呆 PD 患者和 20 名匹配对照的数据。我们重点关注节点强度、聚类系数和局部效率作为局部网络属性的指标；以及网络模块化作为信息流的指标。与对照组相比，PD 患者额顶叶 - 纹状体节点的白质连接性降低，但白质束的模块化组织没有变化。PD 组在连接组中分布的许多节点的功能局部网络指标也有所降低。与对照组相比，PD 组的核心认知网络（包括默认模式网络、背侧注意网络和感觉运动网络）的功能模块化也降低，并且眶额叶和基底神经节节点缺乏模块化区分。我们的结果表明，尽管白质连接性有细微变化，但在疾病相对早期阶段，PD 连接组的整体结构组织仍然稳健。然而，PD 连接组的功能模块化组织出现了破坏。
